#1EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" PROGRESS REPORT ABS Fund CRC 990-2014 (Sub Project: B06) DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES AND THEIR RECOMMENDATION FOR MANAGEMENT ACTION AT BUKIT DUABELAS AND VICINITY, JAMBI, SUMATRA Sri S. Tjitrosoedirdjo Indah Wahyuni* Setiabudi Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 1 DFG#2EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES (IAPS) WEEDS: 1. Weed of Agricultural Ecosystem IPPC Convention) (International Plant Protection Agriculture Ecosystem: Lost of Agricultural yields Clidemia hirta Asystasia gangetica ssp. micrantha 2. Environmental Weed (Convention on Biological Diversity) - CBD Axonopus compresus RTA - Natural Ecosystem: Lost of Biodiversity CBD -1992 Indonesia ratify CBD in 1994 Melastoma malabathricum Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu BOGOR Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 2 DFG#3EFFORTS • • CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Objectives Gathering a list of IAPS (Invasive Alien Plant Species) at Bukit Duabelas, Jambi, Sumatra and vicinity To determine their distribution in each of the ecosystem types (natural forest, jungle rubber, rubber and oil palm plantations and residential areas) Prioritizing the management of invasive alien plant species invasions based on the level it causes using risk analysis BOGOR Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 3 DFG#4EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Study sites Tropical lowland rainforest (BF3& BF4) Jungle rubber (BJ4 & BJ5) Residential areas Rubber plantation (BR3 & BR) Oil palm plantation (BO2 & BO4) ROGOR Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 4 DFG#5EFFORTS 1. CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Methodology Inventory of IAPS at the permanent plot BF3, BF4, BJ4, BJ5, BR3, BR4, BO2, BO4 and the residential areas 2. Spatial distribution patterns: the abundance and present of IAPS 3. BOGOR The coverage distribution of IAPS was conducted by creating vegetation profile diagram horizontally on each ecosystem type, and position of each invasive plants population was determined, and their coverage was drawn based on a certain scale (50 x 50 m2 plot). The spatial distribution patterns of IAPS were overlay with spatial data of canopy openness using ARCView 3.3 program to observe the relation between their distribution and light intensity Risk Analysis Using Scoring System The scoring system is based on the protocol of Risk Management of IAPS developed by Tjitrosoedirdjo et al (2013) modified from Virtue (2008) using numerical rating written in standardized format in two main section: 1). The comparative invasive plant risk: includes the provision of questions with 3 major criteria: a. invasiveness, b. impacts and c. potential distribution. 2). Feasibility of Containment : a. control cost, b. invasive plant distribution, the control persistent Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG Slide 5#6EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Results and discussion 1. Inventory of IAPS at the permanent plot BF3, BF4, BJ4, BJ5, BR3, BR4, BO2, BO4 and the residential areas Table 1. List of invasive plant species at the permanent plots: natural forest (BF) jungle rubber (BJ), rubber plantation (BR), and oil palm plantation (BO) No. Species 1. Ageratum conyzoides ૧.. Asystasia gangetica sub-sp. micrantha 3. Axonopus compressus BF BJ BR BO + + + I + + + 4. Breynia stipitata 5. 6. 7. Curculigo villosa 8. • Centotheca lappacea* Clidemia hirta* I Talk University raiu 9. 10. Bogor Agricultural University Cyperus sp. Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum Dicranopteris linearis* University vi Jampi + + I + + + + + + + + I + + + +#7EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Table 1. continue.... No. Species BF BJ BR BO 11. Imperata cylindrica I I 12. Lantana camara + 13. Lygodium flexuosum + + 14. Melastoma malabatricum + + 15. Mikania micrantha + 16. Musaenda frondosa 17. Paspalum dilatatum + + 18. Pennisetum polystachion I 19. Phanera sembifida I + + 20. Polygala paniculata + - 21. Scleria ciliaris* + + + Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG Slide 7#8EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Table 1. continue... No. Species 22. Selaginella wildenowii 23. Spermacoce exilis I BF BJ BR BO + + 24. Sporobolus diander 25. Stachytarpeta jamaicencis + 26. Stenoclea palustris + 27. Taenitis blechnoides* + + + + 28. Tetracera sp. Total No. 0 12 16 23 Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 8 DFG + +#9EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Table 2. List of the invasive plant species of the permanent plots and their surrounding areas BF Number of Species BF & surrounding BJ & surrounding areas areas BR & surrounding areas BO & surrounding areas Residential areas 24 56 44 39 45 Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 9 DFG#10FForTs CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Spatial distribution patterns - the abundance and presence of invasive alien plant species DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE SPECIES AT JUNGLE RUBBER (BJ 5) 10 20 30 40 10 ரு 50 20 0 AB1-2 CD1-2 EF1-2 GH1-2 IJ1-2 AB3-4 AB5-6 CD5-6 EF5-6 ABS- GH3-4 1J3-4 IJ5-6 CD7-8 EF7-8 GHZ-8 IJ7-8 оо DCD9-10 EF9-10 GH9-10 1916 10 20 30 40 50 LEGEND Tetracera sp. Clidemia hirta Dicranopteris linearis Smilac sp. Melastoma malabathricum Scleria ciliaris Selaginella wildenowii Taenitis blechnoides Sample Plot 50 m x 50 m The spatial distribution patterns of invasive alien plant species will be overlay with the spatial data of canopy openness using ArcView GIS 3.3 program to observe the relation between their distribution and light intensity. The data of the canopy openness are in progress. BOGOR Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG#11EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Table 3. Coverage of Invasive Species at Jungle Rubber (BJ5) Based on the Spatial Data No. Species Coverage (m2) 1 Dicranopteris linearis 639.977 2 Clidemia hirta 140.877 3 Tetracera sp. 65.582 4 Melastoma malabathricum 5.555 5 Scleria ciliaris 1.581 6 Taenitis blechnoides 0.879 7 Selaginella willdenowii 8 Disochaeta sp. ROGOR Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG 0.822 0.476#12EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Table 4. Scoring of invasive plant risk and feasibility of containment to Clidemia hirta invasive plant species at Bukit Duabelas, Jambi No. Species Invasiveness Impacts Invasive Plant Risk Potential Distribution Score Category 1 Clidemia hirta 2 1 2 4 low Feasibility of containment No. Species name Control Distribution Persistence Score Category costs 1 Clidemia hirta 2 2 2 8 medium Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG#13FFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Matrix of comparison between the comparative risk and feasibility of containment for weed management action for Clidemia hirta Invasive feasibility of containment Plants Risk Negligible Low (18-27) (9-12) Medium (6-8) High (3-4) Very high (1-2) Negligible LIMITED LIMITED LIMITED LIMITED MONITOR (1-2) ACTION ACTION ACTION ACTION Low LIMITED LIMITED LIMITED MONITOR MONITOR (3-4) ACTION ACTION ACTION Medium MANAGE MANAGE MANAGE (6-8) SITES SITES SITES PROTECT SITES CONTAIN SPREAD High MANAGE MANAGE (9-12) WEED WEED PROTECT SITES CONTAIN DESTROY SPREAD INFESTATION Very high (18-27) MANAGE WEED Protect sites CONTAIN DESTROY and manage weed SPREAD INFESTATION ERADICATE Recommendation for management action: Limited action Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG ALERT#14EFFORTS 1. CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" FUTURE PLANNING Studying IAPS in Jambi, particularly Bukit Duabelas and Bukit Harapan National Parks 2. Writing a book on IAPS in Indonesian/English Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 14 DFG#15EFFORTS • • CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Future Planning for B-06 Restoration of disturbed areas - after fire - After illegal logging - After natural disaster - After shifting cultivation - Seed bank Restoration after mining exploitation, esp. coal mining ⚫ Medicinal Plant studies BOGOR Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 15 DFG#16EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors wish to express their appreciation to CRC 990-EFFORT for funding the research through ABS fund 2014 To Jambi University for the facilities and helping the issue permit to work at TN Bukitduabelas. Thanks to S. Bachri, Defra and Faisal for their assistant in collecting the data RTA, Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Slide 16 DFG#17EFFORTS CRC 990 "Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia)" Thank You Terima kasih Danke Schön Bogor Agricultural University University of Jambi Tadulako University Palu Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG