#1Canadian Food Inspection Agency Agence canadienne d'inspection des aliments Bovine TB Saskatchewan 2023 Dr. Allison Danyluk Ross Regional Veterinary Officer, Saskatchewan January 24, 2024 Canada 2017 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), all rights reserved. Use without permission is prohibited.#2Bovine Tuberculosis • Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic contagious bacterial disease of livestock May lie dormant in an infected animal for years without causing clinical signs • Bovine TB is a zoonosis (Public Health) • Bovine TB is a federally reportable disease https://inspection.canada.ca/tb#3Empty#4Index case • On Feb 23, 2023, CFIA was notified by USDA that a Canadian origin animal slaughtered in Nebraska was confirmed to be positive for Bovine TB by PCR test (new strain confirmed March 31, 2023). • The heifer was traced via its CCIA tag to a small farm in NE Saskatchewan. • Red angus heifer born in 2021, no specific birth records#5• . Small commercial beef herd with animals generally going to feedlots or slaughter; some sold animals used for breeding on other premises. Background own calves; no community pasture utilized Birth herd: - 76 cows - 3 bulls - - 26 yearling heifers* - 4 yearling steers Live animal testing postponed to be done one month after completion of calving.#6● Important Notes re: Testing There is no single test that can detect every bovine TB infected animal due to the dynamics of M. bovis transmission, the microscopic size of early lesions, and the time it takes for an animal to mount a detectable immune response • A suspect case requires ancillary testing in order to confirm the animal's health status • Reactor animals require enhanced post-mortem inspection and laboratory testing (histopathology and culture) to rule out the presence of bovine TB.#7Live animal testing was completed on May 29, 2023. 107 animals were tested (2 - escapees) – tuberculin injected for CFT, blood taken for bovigam and ELISA. A total of 29 Reactors: - 27 CFT reactors - 28 Bovigam reactors (including 23 that were also CFT reactors) - 1 ELISA reactor#8• Reactors sent for enhanced post-mortem (EPM) and tissue collection in June 2023. Confirmation of reactors positive for bovine TB by PCR test. Depopulation of remaining animals in the index herd was completed in July 2023#932 cases confirmed by PCR or culture results from the reactors and suspect animals identified during herd depopulation. **PCR and culture are confirmatory tests for TB**#10• Compensation Compensation is available to the producer under the Health of Animals Act and the Compensation for Destroyed Animals Regulations - Fair market value with maximums of $4,500 for each commercial animal and $10,000 for each registered animal Animals in other herds that must be destroyed for testing as part of the investigation are also eligible for compensation.#11Release from Quarantine / Resumption of operations Cleaning and disinfection must be completed by the producer under CFIA oversight - The producer if aware of this requirement but has not yet started. • Following C&D, a 45-day vacancy period must be completed with specific temperature and precipitation requirements before CFIA controls are removed • Restock animals on a previously infected premises will be subject to herd testing to ensure that no environmental infection has occurred.#12Investigation beyond Infected Premises • A bovine TB investigation is conducted to determine if the disease has spread to other herds and to try to find any potential source of the disease. Tracing of movement in and out of the herd is typically done for the five years before detection. • The investigation is progressing well with no confirmed cases in any other herds to date.#13Status of Ongoing Investigation Life line herd (herds traced from an infected animal in the infected herd) - The single life line herd has completed testing and has been released from quarantine Contact herd (herds that shared a fence line or may have co-mingled with the infected herd) - - Currently located in Manitoba but had multi-year fence line contact while grazing in Saskatchewan Considered higher risk because of the disease prevalence in the index herd CFT testing for the whole herd - Bovigam ancillary testing for selected higher risk older animals#14Status of Ongoing Investigation Trace-in herds (herds that provided animals to the infected herd) - - 1 trace-in herd in Saskatchewan and 1 trace-in herd in Manitoba have completed testing and have been released from quarantine Trace-out herds (herds that received animals from the infected herd) - - - Whole herd testing is required when a trace out herd is found in a breeding herd - 2 confirmed trace-out herds in Saskatchewan have been released from quarantine based on negative results from laboratory testing to date 2 confirmed trace-out herds (1 in Alberta and 1 in Saskatchewan) have completed live animal testing and post mortem testing of reactors is underway#15● ● Status of Ongoing Investigation Trace-out animals in terminal and non-terminal feedlots - - If a trace-out animal is found in a terminal feedlot - the animal to be isolated from other animals and destroyed by slaughter with post-mortem inspection. If a trace-out animal is found in a non-terminal feedlot where it may be in contact with breeding stock, the animal to be isolated from other animals and destroyed by slaughter with post-mortem inspection. An assessment of the disease risk status of other animals at the same premises will be completed and live animal testing will be completed as needed. In-transit premises to be investigated (status to be determined and no movement controls in effect) Tracing will continue#16● Status of Ongoing Investigation Wildife: - - - In collaboration with provincial wildlife authorities Assess the need for wildlife surveillance, develop an effective wildlife surveillance plan for an area surrounding an infected herd/premises.#17Status of Ongoing Investigation Resources for all of the topics covered today can be accessed from this page: https://inspection.canada.ca/tb#18Questions?