#1World Heritage Irrigation Structures Conference, April 11, 2022 Kumamoto City, Japan "Side event of 4th Asia-Pacific Water Summit" Prof. Dr. Ragab Ragab Fellow, UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, UK CEH [email protected] President, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, ICID [email protected] UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID#2The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, ICID. 72 years of achievements and its unique global status. Good morning Excellences, Distinguished Guests, Dignitaries, friends, colleagues, professionals, practitioners and ICID family. I am proud and honoured to be invited to address your conference. Please let me say few words about ICID for those who do not know ICID. . . ICID, the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, is a leading scientific, technical, and professional not-for-profit international organization working as a knowledge-sharing platform, dedicated to improving the status of agricultural water management practices. When established in 1950, ICID was at the forefront of the green revolution after World War II. ICID is a unique organization as it is the only organization exclusively working in the field of irrigation and drainage. ICID has a network that consists of more than 120 countries. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID⚫CIID#3Japan contribution to ICID office: Office Bearers: Past (7) + Present (1) - Prof. Dr. Tsugihiro WATANABE 1 Dr. T. Seino Japan 1957-1960 2 Dr. Hitoshi Fakuda Japan 1962-1965 3 Dr. M. Nakahara Japan 1985-1988 4 Dr. R. Nakamura Japan 1993-1996 5 Dr. Shigetaka Taniyama Japan 2001-2004 6 Mr. Shinsuke Ota Japan 2008-2011 7 Mr. Naoki HAYASHIDA Japan 2017-2020 8 Prof. Dr. Tsugihiro WATANABE Japan 2021-2024 UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID#4Activities carried out by the National Committee of Japan A total of 38 participations in 22 Workbodies. In addition Japan organized several events, examples are: • 5th ICID Congress, May 1963, Tokyo, Japan ⚫ 14th IEC Meeting, September 1963, Tokyo, Japan 7th Afro-Asian Regional Conference, October 1989, Tokyo, Japan, • In addition, JNCID has organized many workshops and seminars and also invited ICID Office Bearers. • Actively supporting ICID activities in bringing out publications, and participation of young professionals in ICID activities. ⚫ JNCID received appreciation during the 72nd IEC meeting for its contribution to ICID activities. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID#5The ICID main objectives of recognition of the "World Heritage Irrigation Structures, WHIS” are: Tracing the history of and understanding the evolution of irrigation in civilizations across the world. To select and collect information on historical irrigation structures from around the world, understand their significant achievements and gather knowledge about the unique features that have sustained the structure for such a long period; To learn the philosophy and wisdom on sustainable irrigation from these structures; and To protect/preserve these historical irrigation structures. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology LO 5#6"World Heritage Irrigation Structures" (WHIS) ICID recognized world heritage irrigation structures that represented the state of the art of its time, preserved over hundreds, if not thousands, of years and demonstrated important lessons for water security, food security, and sustainable agricultural water management for generations. Heritage is not for the sake of only heritage appreciation; on the contrary it has important sustainability lessons for our future survival and overall continued development. Current civilizations benefited and built on the past heritages. For example, the shaduf and waterwheel for lifting water have led to the evolution of various water lifting devices through the centuries all the way up to the invention of solar lifting pumps. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID#7www alamy alamy alan alamy Shaduf - Ancient Egypt 3000-2000 BC Time in History Water Wheel Water Lifting Devices Development h the power of the sun... ...into a better future! ADVANTAGES OF THE NSP-NEW SOLAR PUMP" For the struction of the NSP New Solar Pump", all advantages and disadvantages of currently available well pumps and methods were viewed and thus, any disadson Tages sonnected to those could be eradicated Inexpensive acquisition and simple installation, Water can be pumped out of some hundred meters' depth- we can adjust your pump to any required water depth and quantity. Worldwide application area. The pump is so adjusted that constant water pumping is possible while daylight is available. Direct sunlight is not necessary, water gets pumped alse when heavy clouds in the sky ERATIONAL AREAS. Ne running costs and no ma seel gaskets in the pum renewal of a battery syst Maceover, an already existin well an easily be realared w will in a New Salar ICID.CIID#8Sadd el-Kafara, 2700 - 2600 BC Aswan Dam 1902 Delta Barrage Dam 1862 EGYPTA wikimapia.org Time in History: Dams Development in Egypt High Dam 195 (CID-CIID#9Time in History Water Harvesting Structures Development Check Dams Field Bunds Rural and Urban Tanks Water Harvesting structures, Mountain Lake, Tunisia India UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology The Three Gorges Dam, China ICIDYCHD#10"World Heritage Irrigation Structures" (WHIS) As you have seen from the slides, water heritage is not discrete, but a continuum. As a matter of fact, water does not need humans at all. It is the other way around that humans need water for their sustainability or survival. Since the dawn of human civilization, water has been an essential ingredient or enabler of societal development so much so that we started believing "Water is Life," a common phrase in most languages. Early human settlements emerged around natural water availability and continued to do so for thousands of years. Early Civilizations (Egyptians, Mesopotamians, and others), were developed where the necessary water for agricultural development was readily available, i.e., close to springs, lakes and rivers. During the course of the civilization process, the water bodies became integral parts of human communities and societies and their economic, social, cultural, political, religious, and spiritual activities. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID#111882 Japan WHIS Recognized by ICID: A total of 44 structures till 2022 Asakasosui Irrigation System Naganoseki Irrigation Canal 1645 Asuwagawa Irrigation Canal 1710 Nasu Irrigation System 1885 Bizenkyo Irrigation System Doen Irrigation System Fukarayousui Irrigation Cana 1604 Odai Irrigation Canal 1710 1644 1670 Ogawazeki Irrigation Canal Sayamaike Reservoir 400yrs ago Genbegawa Irrigation Canal Gorobe Irrigation Canal 16th Cen. 1631 Inaoigawa Irrigation Cana Irukaike Reservoir Jikkasegi Irrigation System Jukkoku-bori Irrigation System 1859 Shichikayousui Irrigation System Shirakawa Basin Irrigation System Sodaiyousui Irrigation System 616 1903 1606-1637 1669 1633 1816 Tachibaiyousui Irrigation Canal Takinoyu-segi and Ohkawara-segi Irrigation System 1823 1785-1792 1669 Tanzansosui Irrigation System 1891 Jyosai-gokuchi Irrigation System 1615-1835 Tenguiwa Irrigation System 1604 Kitadate Irrigation System 1612 Teragaike Pond and Teragaike 1649 Waterway Kounomizo-Hyakutaroumizo Irrigation System 1705 Teruizeki Irrigation Canal 1180 Kumedaike Reservoir 738 Tokiwako Reservoir 1698 Kurayasu and Hyakken Rivers Irrigation and Drainage System 1679 Tsujunyousui Irrigation System 1855 Mannou-ike Reservoir 701 Tsukidome Irrigation System 1705 Matsubara-Muro Irrigation System 1567 Uchikawa Irrigation System 1591 Meiji-yousui Irrigation Canal 1880 Minamiieki-kawaguchi-yusui Irrigation System 1190 Usa Irrigation System Uwae Irrigation Canal 1156-1870 1664 Minuma-Dai Irrigation System 1728 Yamadazeki Barrage 1790 Murayama Rokkamura-segi irrigation canal 1000yrs ago ICID.CIID#12Japan's WHIS Time in History Mannou-ike Reservoir 701 Kumedaike Reservoir 738 Asuwagawa Irrigation Canal (Asuwa-gawa river Gorobe Irrigation Canal 1631 Asakasosui Irrigation System The source of agricultural water 上戸取水口と安集中管理センター Ecology & Hydrology. 1633 Asuwagawa Irrigation Canal 1710 Asakasosui Irrigation System 1882#13Closing Remarks Historically, we have always assumed that water is not a limiting factor for human development, however, as our population grew from millions to billions, we started to see the finite dimension of water that we now term as “water scarcity" and once a life-critical natural resource becomes limiting our attention is automatically diverted to its value, its use or misuse, its criticality to our survival and its conservation. ICID has 44 registered facilities in Japan & Kumamoto Prefecture, has four of them. The conference aim is to highlight the significance of the WHIS and to discuss how to maintain and utilize them in the future. I am sure that the JNCID will continue to support this effort together with MAFF. I wish you a very successful conference. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology ICID.CIID