#1JUSTICE CENTER THE COUNCIL OF STATE GOVERNMENTS Justice Reinvestment in Oklahoma Initial Work Group Meeting June 23, 2011 Council of State Governments Justice Center Marshall Clement, Project Director Anne Bettesworth, Policy Analyst Mike Eisenberg, Senior Research Manager Jessy Tyler, Senior Research Associate Robert Coombs, Senior Policy Analyst Council of State Governments Justice Center | 1#2CSG Justice Center National non-profit, non-partisan membership association of state government officials . Represents all three branches of state government . Justice Center provides practical, nonpartisan advice informed by the best available evidence Criminal Justice / Mental Health Consensus Project Reentry Policy Council Justice Reinvestment Council of State Governments Justice Center | 2#3Overview 1. Justice Reinvestment Process & Data To Be Analyzed 2. Initial Analysis 3. Proposed Timeline Council of State Governments Justice Center | 3#4DEPARTMENT OF OF JUSTICE Funders and Partners Justice Reinvestment a data-driven approach to reduce corrections spending and reinvest savings in strategies that can decrease crime and strengthen neighborhoods. QUE PRO OFFICE OF JUSTICE ROGRAMS BJA Bureau of Justice Assistance U.S. Department of Justice THE PEW CENTER ON THE STATES Public Safety Performance Project Council of State Governments Justice Center | 4#5Vermont Connecticut Michigan Wisconsin Pennsylvania Nevada Ohio Indiana Kansas Arizona Texas North Carolina New Hampshire Rhode Island#6Justice Reinvestment Strategy Bipartisan, inter-branch, bicameral structure 1 Analyze Data & Develop Policy Options • Analyze data to look at crime, court, corrections, and supervision trends Solicit input from stakeholders Map allocation of resources Develop policy options & estimate cost savings 2 Adopt New Policies · • . Identify assistance needed to implement policies effectively Deploy targeted reinvestment strategies to increase public safety Review implementation progress 3 Measure Performance · • Track the impact of enacted policies/programs Monitor recidivism rates & other key measures 6#7Data Requested Data Crime Source Status OSBI Pending Arrests OSBI Pending Felony Court Dispositions AOC Pending Probation DOC Received DA Probation DA's Office: Tulsa County & Oklahoma County Pending Received Community Sentencing Drug & Other Specialty Courts DOC: Division of Community Sentencing Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Prison Admissions, Releases & Annual Population Snapshot DOC Parole DOC Pending Received Received#8Court Disposition Data Requested data from the Administrative Office of the Courts for two counties (Tulsa and Oklahoma). • Data elements requested (felony & misdemeanor): ✓ Filing dates ✓ Disposition dates ✓ Most serious offense charged ✓ Disposition type (guilty, acquittal, dismissal) ✓ Sentence imposed (probation, community sentencing, prison, jail) Council of State Governments Justice Center | 8#9Jail Population Surveys Suggest the Overall Jail Population Increased County 2006 Population 2010 Population* Change Oklahoma 2,700 NA Tulsa 1,267 NA Comanche 294 ΝΑ Creek 229 329 +44% Pottawatomie 215 NA Carter 186 157 -16% Jackson 170 NA Jails with a census Cleveland 163 342 +110% completed in 2010 reported Grady 155 NA a combined Rogers 154 NA Total on Matched 1,826 2,036 +12% 12% increase Facilities Total 8,600 NA* * In 2010, the censuses included in the Oklahoma State Department of Health Jail Inspection Unit's inspections were only done on 26 of the 71 counties surveyed in 2006. Source: Oklahoma Department of Corrections, Evaluation and Analysis. (2011). The State Council of State Governments Justice Center | 9 of Corrections in Oklahoma: Fiscal Year, 2010. Oklahoma State Department of Health: Jail Inspection Data.#10Overview 1. Justice Reinvestment Process & Data To Be Analyzed 2. Initial Analysis 3. Proposed Timeline Council of State Governments Justice Center | 10#11Reported Crime* Violent: +2% Property: -8% * Data is from 2005-2009 Arrests* Big Picture (2006-2010) Violent: +7% Property: +26% Drug: -5% Parole Revocations -54% Felony Court Filings ?% Jail Population Total: ?% Parole Population Releases to Parole -16% -31% DA Probation ? Community Sentencing +8% Probation Placements -40% Admissions to Prison for New Offenses +16% Prison Population (Includes Jail Backlog) Probation Population -13% +5% Probation Revocations +3% Released to No Supervision +28% Source: UCR, BJS, OKDOC Database, OKDOC "Facts at a Glance", and OKDOC Annual Report Council of State Governments Justice Center | 11#12Three Big Challenges Violent Crime Rate High & Unchanged • Offenders Released Without Supervision • Prison Population Growth Council of State Governments Justice Center | 12#1325,000 20,000 15,000 Violent Crime Increased; Arrests Unchanged 10,000 Violent crime rate declined 15% nationally, but slightly increased in Oklahoma. 5,000 8% increase in violent crimes from 2000 to 2009 Violent crime arrests dropped 1% from 2000- 2009 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. (September 2010). Crime in the United States, 2000-2009. From http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/09cius.htm. Council of State Governments Justice Center | 13#14160,000 140,000 Property Crime Declined Modestly; Arrests Increased 120,000 100,000 Property crime rate dropped 16% 80,000 nationally, but only by 6% in Oklahoma 60,000 40,000 20,000 6% decrease in property crime 2000-2009 Property crime arrests increased 16% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: Source: United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. (September 2010). Crime in the United States, 2000-2009. From http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/09cius.htm. Council of State Governments Justice Center | 14#1525,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 Number of Drug Arrests is Stable 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Source: Source: Source: United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. (September 2010). Crime in the United States, 2000-2009. From http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/09cius.htm. Council of State Governments Justice Center | 15#16● ● Need to Analyze Violent Crime Trends What specific types of violent crime keep Oklahoma's rate high, while other states have been able to drive rates down? Are there variations in violent crime rate trends across the state? What challenges do police, prosecutors and communities face in reducing violent crime? Council of State Governments Justice Center | 16#17Three Big Challenges Violent Crime Rate High & Unchanged • Offenders Released Without Supervision • Prison Population Growth Council of State Governments Justice Center | 17#18Number of State Probationers Has Declined Since 2000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006* 2007 2008 2009 Source: BJS: Probation and Parole in the United States; 2006 missing Council of State Governments Justice Center | 18#19Community Sentencing Admissions Peaked in 2002 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 2,561 new admits in 2002 500 1,625 new admits in 32 counties Community Sentencing is a prison alternative that serves those at moderate risk or anyone with a mental health diagnosis. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Community Sentencing Records Council of State Governments Justice Center | 19#20No Statewide Data Currently Exists About DA Probation • Data collected by individual DA offices Requested from Tulsa County DA Tim Harris & Oklahoma County's DA Office - Oklahoma County recently upgraded IT systems, data may not be retrievable Council of State Governments Justice Center | 20#21In the last five years, fewer people are being released to parole, and more are coming out unsupervised 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,396 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 4,352 3,440 3,060 No Supervision Probation 2005 2010 Source: Oklahoma Department of Corrections, Evaluation and Analysis. (2011). The State of Corrections in Oklahoma: Fiscal Year, 2010 http://www.doc.state.ok.us/newsroom/annuals/2010/annualreport2010.pdf. 1,655 51% released unsupervised in 2010 761 The number of offenders released to parole dropped in half Parole Council of State Governments Justice Center | 21#224,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 Source: OKDOC High Percentages of High Risk and Violent Offenders Are Released Unsupervised High Risk Medium Risk 85% Property Drug Violent Supervised Unsupervised Council of State Governments Justice Center | 22#23● ● ● Need to Analyze How Supervision Resources are Allocated Across the criminal justice system, who is being supervised and who is not? What are the relative levels of risk and potential danger of those who are supervised versus those who are unsupervised? Why is the number of people being released unsupervised increasing? How effective are the various forms of community supervision in Oklahoma given current resources? Council of State Governments Justice Center | 23#24Three Big Challenges Violent Crime Rate High & Unchanged • Offenders Released Without Supervision Prison Population Growth Council of State Governments Justice Center | 24#25Oklahoma's Prison Population Continues to Grow 30,000 1996-2010: +37% 2000-2010: +17% 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 OK: OKDOC Annual Reports 2009 and 2010 -Prison Population National: Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics 2006 1,348 offenders were backlogged in jail 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 -Prison & Jail Backlog Council of State Governments Justice Center | 25 2016#26Violent & Serious Offenders Represent a Growing Share of Prison Admissions, but Still Only 30% of Admissions Type 2005 2010 85% 918 1,181 Offense 11% 13% 28% Violent 1,284 1,642 Increase Not 85% 15% 18% Non-Violent 6,528 6,550 Not 85% 75% 70% Total 8,730 9,373 Source: Oklahoma Department of Corrections Admissions Files FY2006-FY2010 Council of State Governments Justice Center | 26#27New Receptions Were 71% of 2010 Admissions 9,373 2010 Admissions 1,564 Violent 36% 18% 48% Assault Rob. Other 1,529 Property 38% Burglary Larceny Others 30% 32% 6,614 New Receptions 2,543 Drug 58% Distribution 42% Poss. 978 Other 2,352 From Probation 1,204 1,148 Technical Violations New Crimes 110 Parole Violation 297 Other Source: Oklahoma Department of Corrections Admissions Files FY2006-FY2010 Council of State Governments Justice Center | 27#28Eligibility for Parole & Earned Credits Narrows the Window for Parole Sentence Imposed Minimum Time Required to Serve Parole Release Window Earned Credits Council of State Governments Justice Center | 28#29Need to Analyze Prison Population Growth • What factors explain what percent of the growth in the prison population over the past 15 years? • • How do the parole process, 85% and earned time credit policies interact to affect time served and supervision upon release? To what extent is prison space focused on incapacitating the most violent and highest risk offenders? • Is the population projected to increase? Council of State Governments Justice Center | 29#30Overview 1. Justice Reinvestment Process & Data To Be Analyzed 2. Initial Analysis 3. Proposed Timeline Council of State Governments Justice Center | 30#31Dates June June 21 June 23 July-August Proposed Timeline Activity ● ● ● Data Collection Initial Working Group Meeting Press Conference Kick Off Finish Data Collection Begin Detailed Data Analysis • Begin Soliciting Stakeholder Input August 4 ● Working Group Meeting September-October ● Additional Data Analysis October 20 November-December ● ● ● December 8 ● Meetings with Stakeholders Working Group Meeting Policy Development & Stakeholder Consultation Working Group Meeting Council of State Governments Justice Center | 31#32Council Districts Prison Expenditure $500,000-$755,161 Thank You No Policy Change Package 1 Anne Bettesworth Policy Analyst, Justice Reinvestment [email protected] JUSTICE CENTER THE COUNCIL OF STATE GOVERNMENTS Package 2 CURRENT CAPACITY: 9,347 Package 3 Package 4 Probation Sentenced Probation Residential Treatment Present Capacity: 2,045 Probation Intermediate Sanction Facilities Present Capacity: 439 Substance Abuse Felony Punishments. (Mainly in lieu of revocation) Present Capacity: 3.250 Incarceration Transfer Two TYC Units In-Prison Therapeutic Treatment Present Capacity: 537 beds/slots DWI Treatment Facility No Current Capacity State Jail Therapeutic Treatment No Current Capacity This material was prepared for the [insert name of contractor/congressional committee/government agency]. The presentation was developed by members of the Council of State Governments Justice Center staff. Because presentations are not subject to the same rigorous review process as other printed materials, the statements made reflect the views of the authors, and should not be considered the official position of the Justice Center, the members of the Council of State Governments, or the funding agency supporting the work. Council of State Governments Justice Center | 32#33This project was supported by Grant No. 2010-RR-BX-K071 awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Department of Justice's Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Office for Victims of Crime, and the SMART Office. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.