#1ENERGY PRO FILE Democratic Republic of the Congo COUNTRY INDICATORS AND SDGS GDP per capita -8.1.1 Real GDP growth rate 7.3.1 Energy intensity 4% 1.2 16 1.1 1.1 2.4% 3% 15 1.1 100% IRENA International Renewable Energy Agency 7.1.1 Access to electricity (% population) 7.1.2 Access to clean cooking (% population) 7.2.1 Renewable energy (% TFEC) 2% 1% 0% -1% -2% 2015 2016 2017 7.a.1 Public flows to renewables 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 50 42252 40 35 30 20 15 10 5.0 USD millions 20 19 USD'000s 20 17 PPP MJ/USD GDP 2017 PPP 80% 60% 13.4 40% 1.0 21% 1.0 13 20% 1.0 13 6% 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 W/ person 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 7.b.1 Per capita renewable capacity 28.6 Urban 11.6.2 Air particulate matter (PM2.5) Average Rural WHO safe 45 40 5252525 20 15 10 32.2 33.0 31.3 31.5 31.6 35 30 00 PM 2.5 (μm/m³) 2015 2016 2017 2018 20 19 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2015 2016 2017 2018 20 19 2020 TO TAL ENERGY SUPPLY (TES) Total Energy Supply (TES) 2015 Non-renewable (TJ) 37 467 2020 38 763 Renewable (TJ) 1171577 1269 358 Total (TJ) 1209 044 1308 121 Renewable share (%) 97 97 Total energy supply in 2020 30% ■Oil Gas ■Nuclear Coal others Growth in TES 2015-20 2019-20 Non-renewable (%) +3.5 +26.0 ■Renewables 97% Renewable (%) +8.3 +2.5 Total (%) +8.2 +3.0 Renewable energy supply in 2020 Primary energy trade 2015 Imports (TJ) 42 904 2020 45 083 0% Exports (TJ) 45 850 47 835 Net trade (TJ) 2 946 2 752 Imports (% of supply) 4 3 Exports (% of production) 4 4 Energy self-sufficiency (%) 10 1 101 97% 3% ■ Hydro/marine ■ Wind Solar ■Bioenergy ■Geothermal#2Gigawatts (GW) Petajoules (PJ) RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION (TFEC) Renewable TFEC trend ■Commercial heat 1249 1253 Bioenergy 1312 1278 1160 Renewable energy consumption in 2020 Solar direct 3% ■Geothermal 1400 1200 ■Electricity 1205 1000 800 600 400 200 2015 2016 Consumption by sector Industry (TJ) Transport (TJ) Households (TJ) Other (TJ) 97% 3% -0% 2017 2018 20 19 2020 2015 2020 39% 145 690 43 324 0 51 709 627 762 194 349 780 505 971 Fossil fuels Hydro/marine Bioenergy Installed capacity trend Nuclear Wind Geothermal ELECTRICITY CAPACITY Other Non-RE Solar -Renewable share 3 100% 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 99% 2.6 2.6 2.6 3 2 1 1 Renewable share (%) 0 0 0 0 O o O O O 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 20 19 2020 2021 2022 0 0 Net capacity change in 2022 (MW) n.a. Industry Transport Households 58% ■ Other Renewable capacity in 2022 1% 99% 0% Net capacity change (GW) ■ Fossil fuels 0.2 ■Renewable ■ Hydro/marine ■ Solar ■ Wind ■Bioenergy ■Geothermal 0.0 Non-renewable Hydro and marine 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 + 0 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Solar Wind Capacity utilisation in 2021 (%) 0 0 Fossil fuels 45% Nuclear Bioenergy Geothermal 0 0 Hydro/Marine 50% Solar 15% Wind Bioenergy 30% Geothermal 0 20 20 40 60 40 60 60 80 100#3Mt CO2 Emissions ELECTRICITY GENERATION Generation in 2021 GWh % Non-renewable 115 1 Fossil fuels Renewable 11921 99 Hydro/marine Hydro and marine 11888 99 Bioenergy Solar 25 0 14 Wind 0 0 Bioenergy 8 0 12 Geothermal 0 0 Total 12 036 10 0 150 100 50 Per capita electricity generation (kWh) ―Total Renewable Gigawatt-hours (GWh) Electricity generation trend Nuclear Wind 1000 Other Non-RE Solar Geothermal Renewable share 100% -99% 12 12 12 11 10 10 9 8 6 4 2 0 80% 2016 20 17 2018 20 19 2020 2021 2016 2017 2018 20 19 2020 2021 LA TEST POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND LEGISLATION 1 Ministerial Decree #19/15 about the safeguarding of the activities related to artisanally exploited strategic minerals 2 Mining Code of the Democratic Republic of Congo 3 Ministerial Decree #18/042 declaring cobalt, germanium and colombo-tanta lite strategic mineral substances 4 Law No. 14/011 (Electricity Sector) 5 National Electrification Fund 2019 2018 2018 2014 2014 ENERGY AND EMISSIONS Energy-related CO2 emissions by sector Elec. & heat generation CO2 emissions in Elec. & heat Other Industrial ■Transport Other Buildings 10% 4 Coal others 4 3 3 2 2 1 0.5 0.0 Mt CO2 ■ Oil 100% Gas 211 Mt CO, Emissions 0.8 $0.6 30.4 0.2 2016 2016 2017 2018 20 19 2020 2021 Avoided emissions from renewable elec. & heat Emitted CO2 RE Avoided CO2 2020 2021 2018 20 19 2017 Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power CO2 emission factor for elec. & heat generation 4 000 3 500 3 000 2 500 2 000 1500 1000 500 1 COD .....Africa ---World 2018 2020 2016 2017 20 19 Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. + heat gen. 0 2021 Renewable share (%)#4Proportion o land area 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Distribution of solar potential World RENEW A BLE RESOURCE POTENTIAL Congo DR Distribution of wind potential World Congo DR 100% <1.2 1.9 2.0 >2.0 1.2 1.4 1.4 - 1.6 1.6-1.8 1.8 1.9 Annual generation per unit of installed PV capacity (MWh/kWp) Biomass potential: net primary production 2 3 1 5 6 2009.5 0 tc/ha/yr 11 = Global average of 3-4 tC/ha/yr 10 8 9 Proportion of land area 80% 60% 40% 20% <260 260-420 420-560 560-670 670-820 820-1060 >1060 Wind power density at 100m height (W/m²) Indicators of renewable resource potential Solar PV: Solar resource potential has been divided into seven classes, each representing a range of annual PV output per unit of capacity (kWh/kWp/yr). The bar chart shows the proportion of a country's land area in each of these classes and the global distribution of land area across the classes (for comparison). Onshore wind: Potential wind power density (W/m2) is shown in the seven classes used by NREL, measured at a height of 100 m. The bar chart shows the distribution of the country's land area in each of these classes compared to the global distribution of wind resources. Areas in the third class or above are considered to be a good wind resource. Biomass: Net primary production (NPP) is the amount of carbon fixed by plants and accumulated as biomass each year. It is a basic measure of biomass productivity. The chart shows the average NPP in the country (tC/ha/yr), compared to the global average NPP of 3-4 tonnes of carbon IRENA International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA Headquarters Masdar City P.O. Box 236, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Sources: IRENA statistics, plus data from the following sources: UN SDG Database (original sources: WHO; World Bank; IEA; IRENA; and UNSD); UN World Population Prospects; UNSD Energy Balances; UN COMTRADE; World Bank World Development Indicators; EDGAR; REN21 Global Status Report; IEA - IRENA Joint Policies and Measures Database; IRENA Global Atlas; and World Bank Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind Atlas. Additional notes: Capacity per capita and public investments SDGs only apply to developing areas. Energy self-sufficiency has been defined as total primary energy. production divided by total primary energy supply. Energy trade includes all commodities in Chapter 27 of the Harmonised System (HS). Capacity utilisation is calculated as annual generation divided by year-end capacity x 8,760 h/year. Avoided emissions from renewable power is calculated as renewable generation divided by fossil fuel generation multiplied by reported emissions from the power sector. This assumes that, if renewable power did not exist, fossil fuels would be used in its place to generate the same amount of power and using the same mix of fossil fuels. In countries and years where no fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been used to calculate the avoided emissions. These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in renewable energy in different countries and areas. The IRENA statistics team would welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can be sent to [email protected]. Last updated on: 8th August, 2023 www.irena.org