#1Latin American Governments Brazil, Mexico, & Cuba#2Standards SS6CG1 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal. b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. c. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential. SS6CG2 The student will explain the structures of national governments in Latin America and the Caribbean. a. Compare the federal-republican systems of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Brazil) and the United Mexican States (Mexico) to the dictatorship of the Republic of Cuba (Cuba), distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms.#3Teachers Print off the following slide for each student. The students will complete the chart while discussing the presentation.#4Comparing Latin American Governments Directions: Complete the chart below with information from the presentation. Country Distribution of Power Type of Government Executive Branch How is the head of | Legislative Branch government chosen? Role of Citizen Federative Republic of Brazil United Mexican States Republic of Cuba#5KEY Directions: Complete the chart below with information from the presentation. Country Federative Republic of Brazil Distribution of Power Federa Type of Government Presidential Executive Branch Democracy President (Head of state & Chief executive) Vice President How is the head of government chosen? Elected by popular vote for single 4-year term Legislative Branch Role of Citizen National Congress in bicameral legislature-Senate and Chamber of Deputies Ages 18-70 are required by law to vote United Mexican States Republic of Cuba Federa Presidential Democracy President (head of state and chief executive) Unitary Autocratic Dictatorship President (dictator] Elected by popular vote for single 6-year term National Congress in bicameral legislature-Senate and Chamber of Deputies Citizens over 18 may vote in elections Castro came to power by military force in 1959 -elections are held, but there is only one candidate The National Assembly of People's Power is the country's unicameral legislature. Candidates are approved by government. Over 16 must vote, can only vote for candidates selected by government (Communist Party]#6Latin American Governments: Anticipation Guide Directions: You will make predictions about the answers to the following questions BEFORE learning about this unit. Write the letter of the vocabulary term that matches the definitions below. Latin American Governments: Anticipation Guide Directions: You will make predictions about the answers to the following questions BEFORE learning about this unit. Write the letter of the vocabulary term that matches the definitions below. A. Unitary B. Presidential C. Democracy D. Federal F. Legislature G. Autocracy H. Parliamentary I. Confederation E. Cuba A. Unitary F. Legislature B. Presidential C. Democracy D. Federal G. Autocracy H. Parliamentary | I. Confederation E. Cuba 1. In this type of democracy, the leader works through the legislature. 1. In this type of democracy, the leader works through the legislature. 2. This branch of government makes the country's laws. 2. This branch of government makes the country's laws. 3. In this type of government, citizens play an important role because they are able to vote for leaders and laws. 3. In this type of government, citizens play an important role because they are able to vote for leaders and laws. 4. In this type of government structure, power is held by individual countries joined for a common purpose. 4. In this type of goverment structure, power is held by individual countries joined for a common purpose. 5. In this type of government, citizens have virtually no role because all the decisions are made by a single leader. 5. In this type of government, citizens have virtually no role because all the decisions are made by a single leader. 6. This country is the only autocratic government in Latin America. 6. This country is the only autocratic government in Latin America. 7. In this type of government, power is shared by national and regional/local authorities. 7. 8. What type of democracy is found in Mexico and Brazil? 8. In this type of government, power is shared by national and regional/local authorities. What type of democracy is found in Mexico and Brazil? 9. This government structure is where the power is held by one central authority. 9. This government structure is where the power is held by one central authority.#7Answer Key H 1 고 F 3 C + I 5 G 6 E 7 D 8 B 9 דו A#8Latin American Governments Brazil, Mexico, & Cuba#9Let's Review GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS - WHO HAS THE POWER? Unitary--power is held by one central authority Confederation--association of independent states that agree to certain limitations on their freedoms by joining together Federal--power is divided between central authority & several regional authorities#10Let's Review GOVERNMENT TYPES - HOW DO CITIZENS PARTICIPATE? Autocracy-- 1 person possesses unlimited power & citizens have limited role in government Oligarchy-- small group exercises control & citizens have limited role in government Democracy--supreme power is vested in the people & exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation involving free elections.#11Let's Review TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS: Parliamentary citizens elect members of Parliament, and then the members select the leader o Leader works with or through the legislature Presidential--system of government in which the leader is constitutionally independent of the legislature; citizens directly elect leader o Leader works separate from legislature#12Federative Republic Of Brazil Presidential Representative Democratic Republic#13Brazil's National Congress Building#14Federal System Brazil has a federal system, which means that the national government and the state governments SHARE power. There are 26 states in Brazil.#15Federal Governments#16Leadership 1. President: holds the most political power; the president is both the chief executive and the head of state. 2. Vice President: helps in the day-to- day running of the government; performs ceremonial duties.#17FEDERATIVA DO BRAS DE 1889 Dilma Rouseff Brazil's President#18Michel Temer Brazil's Vice-President#19How Leaders Are Chosen President: elected by popular vote for a single four-year term Vice President: runs on the same ticket as the president#20Legislature The National Congress is the country's bicameral legislature. It consists of: 1. Senate (81 seats) - 3 members elected from each state. 2. Chamber of Deputies (513 seats) - members are elected by proportional representation. Members serve four and eight-year terms.#21Inside Brazil's Senate#22Presidential Democracy The citizens directly elect the president (every four years). ⚫ The last election was in October 2010 (next to be held in 2014). The president works separately from Brazil's Congress.#23Role of the Citizen Citizens have many freedoms and they also have the right to vote. Men and women who are 16 years of age may choose to vote, but citizens 18-70 are required by law to vote in national elections. Citizens can choose representatives from many political parties.#24Voting in Brazil – October 2010 ELETTORAL 鼍喜 JUSTICA#25United Mexican States Federal Republic#26Mexico's National Congress Building CONGRESO#27Federal System Mexico has a federal system, which means that the national government and the state governments SHARE power. There are 31 states in Mexico.#28Leadership President: holds the most political power; the president is both the chief executive and the head of state.#29Enrique Pena Nieto Mexico's President#30How Leaders Are Chosen President: elected by popular vote for a single six-year term#31Legislature The National Congress of Mexico is the country's bicameral legislature. It consists of: 1. Senate (128 seats) - elected by popular vote to serve six-year term. 2. Chamber of Deputies (500 seats) - members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms.#32National Congress Chamber#33Presidential Democracy The citizens directly elect the president (every six years). The last election was in July 2012 (next to be held in 2018). The president works separately from Mexico's Congress.#34Role of the Citizen . Citizens of Mexico have many freedoms, and they also have the right to vote. It is universal and compulsory (but not enforced) that citizens who are 18 or older vote in national elections. • There are many political parties in Mexico.#35MINDA VOT PRESIDE Voting in Mexico - July 2012 INSTI THE FEDERAL 2011-2012 INENTEENDUTADOS LED FEDERALES DIPUTADOS LEAS#36Republic of Cuba Unitary Socialist Republic#37Capitol Building in Havana, Cuba#38Unitary System Cuba has a unitary system, which means that the national (central) government holds all of the power. The provinces are under central government control. There are 15 provinces in Cuba.#39Unitary Governments ***#40Leadership President: holds the most political power; the president is both the chief executive and the head of state.#41Raul Castro Cuba's President#42How Leaders Are Chosen President: elected* by National Assembly for a five-year term. *Cuba's Communist Party is the only legal party, and officially sanctioned candidates run unopposed.#43Legislature The National Assembly of People's Power is the country's unicameral legislature. The number of seats is based on Cuba's population. As of the most recent election in February 2013, there were 614 seats. Candidates are selected and approved by the government before the people can vote for them. Members serve five-year terms.#44Cuba's National Assembly#45Autocracy Cuba has been an autocratic dictatorship since Fidel Castro used military force to overthrow the government in 1959. Since this time, there has been one leader (Fidel or Raul) who holds unlimited power over the country. Even though citizens get to "vote", they do not get to select the candidates or make the laws.#46Autocratic Governments Current autocracies (including both monarchies and republics) 0 о ° о о བཅལ,བཅུ་ཐཅ-༠༠༧ о GA 0 0#47Role of the Citizen Citizens have few freedoms. Men and women aged 16 and over may choose to vote, but have few choices. There is only one political party (the Communist Party) that is allowed in Cuba. It has been controlled by Fidel Castro and his brother, Raul, since 1959.#48Voting in Cuba#49Brazil Compare and Contrast Latin American Governments Cuba Mexico#50COOKIN' UP A GOVERNMENT | COOKIN' UP A GOVERNMENT Your Task: Write a "recipe" for either Brazil, Mexico, or Cuba's government. Include several ingredients that were used to form the government. Also, write out the special cooking instructions for bringing the government together. Ingredients: Your Task: Write a "recipe" for either Brazil, Mexico, or Cuba's government. Include several ingredients that were used to form the government. Also, write out the special cooking instructions for bringing the government together. Ingredients: Instructions: Instructions:#51Crystal Ball Predictions Crystal Ball Predictions Based on what we learned about Brazil, Mexico, & Cuba's governments, what do you think their economies will be like? Based on what we learned about Brazil, Mexico, & Cuba's governments, what do you think their economies will be like?#521. Google It! Directions: Write several important facts, words, people, etc., that would pop up about the country's government in the "search results" boxes. Google It! Brazil's Government 2. Google It! Mexico's Government 3. Google It! Cuba's Government Search Results: Search Search Results: Search Search Results: Search#53Credits: All photos were found via Creative Commons and labeled for reuse. 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