#1FI FIAT PANIS Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 8th Asian Soil Partnership MEETING 2 May 2023 STRENGTHENING OF THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM Markus Anda and Team Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Standardization (ICALRS) Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Instrument Standardization (IAAIS) Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#2STRENGTHENING OF THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM Key points of presentation I. Success progress on the establishment of Indonesian National Soil Information System (NSIS). II. Are NSISs useful? III. What is their practical impact? IV. What steps did you take to establish/strengthen the NSIS of Indonesia (link to the AFACI project) V. What is still missing? VI. Way forward 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#3Location of Indonesia in South East Asian countries Land Area: ~190 million ha နေပြည်တော် မြန်မာ Hải Phòng 海口市 Thanh Hoá Hué 海南省 三亚市 Việt Nam วรจับ ປະເທດລາວ. ရန်ကုန် ဘားအ ပုသိမ်မြို့ กรุงเทพมหานคร Buôn Ma ประเทศไทย Thuật - ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា Luzon Manila Philippines Thành phố Bacolod Hồ Chí Minh Puerto Princesa Cagayan de Oro O Zamboanga City Ngerulmud Davao City Belau Banda Aceh George Town Kuala Terengganu Ipoh dan Sabah Sandakan General Santos Brunei Malaysia Kuantan Sarawak Kuala Lumpur Kalimantan Utara Singapore Kepulauan Riau Kuching Borneo Tanjung Pinang Pontianak Sumatra Kalimantan Timur Palu Sumate Barat Kalimantan Barat Sulawesi Tengah Balikpapan Kalimantan Tengah Sulawesi Indonesia Kalimantan Selatan Ambon Sulawesi Utara Manado Maluku Utara Papua Barat Daya Papua Papua Barat Jayap Papua Tengah Bengk Bandar Lampung Jawa Tengah Jakarta jawa Timur Semarang Malang Denpasar Nusa Tenggara Timur Timor Lorosa'e/ Timor-Leste Kupang Kendari Sulawesi Selatan Sulawesi Tenggara Maluku N Papua Selatan Indonesia's Land Area: ~ 190 million ha • Sumatera's Land Area: 47.3 million ha Profile distribution: 1202 points 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#4I. Success progress on the establishment of Indonesian National Soil Information System (NSIS). ■ Soil Atlas of Asia and National Soil Information System of Indonesia ■ Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) map of Indonesia Map of Soil Properties: - Map of soil salinity; map of zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) micronutrients in Karawang Regency, west Java, Indonesia Map of post-mount Semeru eruption hazard for rehabilitation of agricultural crops and ecosystem in Lumajang Regency, East Java, Indonesia Development of database of soil profiles and their mineralogical constituents in Indonesia Capacity building of soil atlas of Indonesia: - - Soil survey and mapping training for soil organic C sequestration potential (GSOCseq) ■ Addition of new soil profile database to increase Indonesian National soil information system 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#5Distribution of Reference Soil Group (RSG) in Indonesia LEGEND OF INDONESIAN SOIL ATLAS OF ASIA Acrisols CMhu Eutric Cambisols (Humic) GLhu Reductigleyic Dystric Gleysols (Humic) Nitisols ACcr Chromic Acrisols CMle Leptic Cambisols GLOY Oxygleyic Eutric Gleysols NTal Alic Nitisols Reference Area (x 1,000) ACfl Ferralic Acrisols CMro Rhodic Cambisols GLOY Oxygleyic Gleysols NTro Rhodic Nitisols No. Soil Group ha % ACgl Gleyic Acrisols CMvi Vitric Eutric Cambisols GLpl Plinthic Gleysols Phaeozems ACha Haplic Acrisols CMvr Vertic Cambisols GLry Reductigleyic Dystric Gleysols PHch Chernic Phaeozems 1. Plinthosols 1.086 0,57 AChu Humic Acrisols Chernozems GLSZ Eutric Gleysols (Salic) PHg Vertic Phaeozems (Gleic) ACle Leptic Acrisols CHha Haplic Chernozems GLti Thionic Gleysols PHha Haplic Phaeozems 2. Andosols 4.569 2,39 ACpl Plinthic Acrisols CHle Leptic Chernozems Glum Umbric Dystric Gleysols PHle Leptic Phaeozems 3. Luvisols 6.373 3,33 ACro Rhodic Acrisols Durisols Eutric Gleysols (Vertic) PHlv Luvic Phaeozems GLvr ACfr Ferralic Acrisols Dudy Dystric Durisols Oxygleyic Gleysols (Vertic) PHph Luvic Phaeozems (Pachic) 4. Lixisols 7.990 4,18 Andosols Ferralsols Histosols PHvr Vertic Phaeozems 5. Phaeozems 1.915 1,00 ANdu Duric Andosols FRac Acric Ferralsols HSfi Fibric Histosols Plinthosols 6. Ferralsols 5.712 2,98 ANdy Dystric Andosols FRdy Rhodic Ferralsols (Dystric) HShm Hemic Histosols PTac Haplic Plinthosols (Acric) 7. Nitisols 37 0,02 ANeu Eutric Andosols FReu Rhodic Ferralsols (Eutric) HSji Hemic Histosols (Hyperthionic) PTpx Pisoplinthic Plinthosols 8. Acrisols 27.051 14,14 2 ANgl Gleyic Andosols FRha Haplic Ferralsols HSsa Sapric Histosols Podzols Anha Haplic Andosols FRhu Humic Ferralsols Hemic Histosols (Sulfidic) PZfg Ortsteinic Podzols (Fragic) HSsf 9. Cambisols 79.787 41,70 1 ANle Leptic Andosols FRIX Lixic Ferralsols Sapric Histosols (Sulfidic) PZgl Gleyic Podzols 10. Chernozems 610 0,32 ANle Leptic Andosols FRpl Plinthic Ferralsols Thionic Hemic Histosols PZhi Histic Podzols HSti ANmo Mollic Andosols FRpp Petroplinthic Ferralsols Thionic Sapric Histosols PZOS Ortsteinic Podzols 11. Arenosols 2.299 1,20 ANum Umbric Andosols FRro Rhodic Ferralsols HStr Hemic Histosols (Terric) PZpi Gleyic Podzols (Placic) 12. Regosols 4.095 2,14 Anvi Vitric Andosols FRxa Xanthic Ferralsols HSwg Hypohionic Hemic Histosols PZum Umbric Podzols 13. Durisols 11 0,01 Arenosols Fluvisols HSwi Hypothionic Hemic Histosols (Terric) Regosols 14.|| Vertisols 445 0,23 ARdy Dystric Arenosols Flax Gleyic Eutric Fluvisols (Alcalic) Hypothionic Sapric Histosols (Terric) RGdy Dystric Regosols AReu Eutric Arenosols FLdy Dystric Fluvisols Leptosols RGeu Eutric Regosols 15. 16. Gleysols Histosols 19.666 10,28 3 ARgl Gleyic Arenosols Fleu Eutric Fluvisols LPli Lithic Leptosols RGgl Gleyic Regosols 13.431 7,02 ARhu Dystric Arenosols (Humic) FLg Gleyic Fluvisols Lixisols RGle Leptic Regosols 19. Leptosols 2.696 1,41 ARle Leptic Arenasals FLhi Histic Fluvisols LXcr Chromic Lixisols RGtf Tephric Regosols ARSo Sodic Arenosols FLhu Gleyic Fluvisols (Humic) LXha Haplic Lixisols Vertisols 18. Fluvisols 7.073 3,70 Cambisols Gleyic Dystric Fluvisols (Sulfidic) LXhu Humic Lixisols VRcC Chromic Vertisols 19. Podzols 1.416 0,74 FLsf CMan Andic Cambisols Histic Gleyic Fluvisols (Sulfidic) LXro Rhodic Lixisols VRha Haplic Vertisols Settlement, CMar Dystric Cambisols (Arenic) FLg Gleyic Sodic Fluvisols Luvisols Chromic Vertisols (Gleyic) VRg 20. 5.095 2,66 CMcr Chromic Cambisol FLti Thionic Fluvisols LVan Chromic Luvisols (Andic) Pellic Vertisols (Gleyic) water body, etc CMdy Dystric Cambisols Gleysols LVcr Chromic Luvisols VRpe Pellic Vertisols Total 191.358 100,00 CMeu Eutric Cambisols GLdy Dystric Gleysols LVgl Gleyic Luvisols Note: Indonesia has an area of 191 million hectares, consisting of 17,000 islands. Based on WRB, Indonesia consists of 19 RSGS, and 3 of them have the widest distribution, which is Cambisols (41.70%), Acrisols (14,14%) and Gleysols (10.28%). CMfr Ferralic Cambisols GLeu Eutric Gleysols LVha Haplic Luvisols CMfv Fluvic Cambisols GLfc Dystric Gleysols (Fractic) LVle Leptic Luvisols CMgl Gleyic Cambisols GLfv Fluvic Gleysols LVro Rhodic Luvisols CMhi Histic Cambisols GLhi Histic Gleysols LVvr Vertic Luvisols#6N.0.0.9 S.0.0. 10°0'0"S 95°0'0"E Aan Sea THAILAND AA AFACI LOCAL 952 INDONESIAN SECTION OF THE SOIL ATLAS OF ASIA لام الله 110°0'0"E Sant China Sea MALAYSIA Java Sea Sulo New Gu Sim 125 00 E PHILIPPINES Pipe New Cricbe Sen ther Flores Sea Sin San Mallucca Sea FINGE ESTE Cerow See Wanda Sa Tor Nea W 140000 E 0 100 200 100 000 800 AUSTRALLY Km PASIFIC OCEAN Arafata Sea 95°0'0"K 110°0'0"E Note: Indonesia has an area of 191 million ha, consisting of 17,000 islands. Based on WRB, Indonesia consists of 19 RSGs, and 3 of them have the widest distribution, namely Cambisols (41.70%), Acrisols (14,14%) and Gleysols (10.28%). 125°0'0" 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 140°0′0″E Nu0.069 10°0'0"S 2°0'0"S ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#7II. Are National Soil Information Systems useful? ■ NSISS is useful for students, researchers, and academicians ■ Ministry of Agriculture ■ Policy makers at local, regency, province and national levels ■ Other departments: o Ministry of Coordinating for Maritime Affairs and Investment, o Ministry of Coordinating for Economy o Ministry of environment and forestry, o Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas, o Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/ National Agency for Land and spatial planning) ○ Etc. 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#8III. Practical impact of Indonesian Soil Information Systems ■ Source of soil information in relation to soil productivity and ecosystem functions ■ The information has positive impacts in assessment of land suitability for strategic national commodities. ▪ Soil property maps give the guide to determine targeted areas for allocation of fertilizer subsidy, conservation, and rehabilitation ■ Soil maps as a basis for policy makers to prepare spatial planning for various usages at Regency, Province and National levels 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#9IV. steps have been made to strengthen the NSIS of Indonesia Updating soil legacy data and is still ongoing ■ Production of soil organic carbon (SOC) map. ■ Production of Soil properties Maps: e.g. National soil pH, CEC, and clay content. Development of database of soil mineralogical constituents (primary minerals/sand fraction and secondary minerals/clay fraction Capacity building : - Soil survey and mapping - training for soil organic C sequestration potential (GSOCseq) O Addition of new soil profiles to database 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#10Example of updating of legacy soil data points/profiles Alor Seta Kota Bharu Alor Setar Banda Aceh Lhokseumawe Langsa Aceh Gunungsitoli George Town Perak Kuala Terengganu Dungun Sitiawan Kuantan Teluk Intan Pahang anjung alai Kuala Selangor atan or Bo Kuala Lumpur Port Dickson Segamat Surrera Rantau Prapat Bandaraya Johor Melaka Riad Pekanbaru Payakambuh Padang Sumatera Barat Singapore Tanjung Pinang Kota Bharu Banda Aceh. George Town Lhokseumawe Kuala Terengganu Perak Dungun Sitiawan Kuantan Teluk Intan Pahang Kuala Selangor anjung alai 0 Kuala Lumpur or Port Dickson Segamat Kepulauan Riau Sugera Ut Rantau Popat Melaka Gunungsitoli recovery legacy data Pa Sumatera Borat Riad Pekanbaruo mbuh Bandaraya Johor Singapore STanjung Pinang Bambi Jambi Sungai nuh Bangkalpinang Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Luklinggau Bengkulu Bagap • obs point: 592 • 2016-2019 Data r² for soil organic carbon map: 10% Kepulauan Riau Ojambi Combi Sungai nuh Bangkalpinang Kepulauan Bangka Belitunge Luxlinggau Bengkuld 20 Bagap Si Lampung • obs point: 1202 Lampung Jawa Barat Bandar Lampung Jawa Bara ● Some of 1970-1990 Data and 2011 – 2019 Data - • r² for soil organic carbon map: 42% 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#11V. What is missing? Required information for sustainable soil management but is absence in the soil map • Landform/topographic/slope (e.g. Plain, • undulating, rolling, hilly etc) Soil parent materials Elevation The scale is too small (e.g. 1:3 000 000 for global soil map), led to limited implementation 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#12What is still missing Erosion threat VS conservation practices on Ardosols volcanic mountain Nearly flat volcanic plain, no problem with slope Planting area, parallel intensive contour line Broad Planting area against slope volcanic plain Required information for sustainable soil management, which is not available in digital soil map. We know eg. Dystric Andosol, but not for its environment (landform/slope, parent materials, elevation) Planting area, parallel contour line Undulating volcanic plain shi Rolling volcanic hill Planting area, parallel intensive contour line Steep volcanic hill#13VI. Way forward ■ Addition of new soil profile database to strengthen Indonesian National soil information system Enrichment of database of soil mineralogical constituents in Indonesia ■ Harmonization of Soil Atlas of Indonesia using three soil classification systems (USDA, WRB/FAO, National system) at 1:250.000, which was developed from 1:50.000 Develop soil map at national soil partnership, regency soil partnership to support implementation of SSM, improved soil productivity associated with ecosystem functions/services Soil suitability maps for various crops as basis to promote sustainable soil management ■ Peatland maps associated to land use and their protection ■ Thematic Maps of soil landform/sloping, elevation, and parent materials ■ Website development of national soil information system ☐ Expected financial support from AFACI to be extended for another two years to allow full development of Indonesian soil information system. 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP#14INA SOIL AGRO http://awr.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ Sistem Informasi Peta Tanah Peta Tematik Menu > > > Peta Cemaran Informasi Agroklimat dan > Hidrologi ● Kontak Kami Tim Penyusun INA SOIL AGRO Indonesian Soil and Agroclimate Information System Indonesian Soil and Agroclimate Information System INA SOIL AGRO INA SOIL AGRO adalah sistem informasi sumberdaya lahan berbasis spasial yang menyajikan berbagai informasi yang dapat digunakan oleh para pengguna sebagai pendukung dalam pengambilan kebijakan. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian Menu: • Information System (Siscrop, Crop Calendar) • Soil Map 8th Asian Soil Partnership Meeting | 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP • Thematic Map#15INA SOIL AGRO Soil Map BB Sistem Informasi Peta Tanah Manila กรุงเทพมหานคร ประเทศไทย Buôn Ma Thuật Philippines - ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា Thành phố Bacolod Hồ Chí Minh Puerto Princesa Cagayan de Oro Zamboanga City Davao City Soboh Sandakan Belau General Santos ◆ Peta Tanah Skala 1:50.0000 ♦ Peta Tanah Skala 1:250.0000 Banda Aceh George Town Kuala Terengganu ♦ Peta Tanah Skala 1:1.000.000 EB Titik Observasi PROVINSI RIAU Sarawak KABKOTA INDRAGIRI HILIR Link ke: Peta Tanah 50K Kuching EB Peta Tematik Brunel Malaysia an Borac Sulawesi Utora Mado Ngerulmud Peta Cemaran x Informasi Agroklimat dan CAMBODIA Phnom Penh Hồ Chí Minh. PHILIPPINES City Iloilo City Sistem Informasi Hidrologi , aman ed Sulu Sea Peta Tanah Kontak Kami Davao City ♦ Peta Tanah Skala 1:50.0000 Tim Penyusun ♦ Peta Tanah Skala 1:250.0000 MALAYSIA BRUNEI ♦Peta Tanah Skala 1:1.000.000 Kuala Lumpur Tarakan Celebes Sea SINGAPORE Titik Observasi Thematic Map Peta Tematik ♦Peta Jenis Sawah INDONESIA Palembang Banjarmasin ♦Peta Status Hara P ♦Cemaran Dieldrin Peta Status Hara K Cemaran Endosulfan ♦ Peta Rekomendasi Pup ♦ Cemaran Endrin LAMPUNG ♦ Peta Lahan Gambut ♦Cemaran Heptaklor Bandar Lampung ♦ Peta Lahan Rawa ♦ Cemaran Klodran ♦ Peta Rawan Longsor Contamination Map ♦ Cemaran Klorpirifos ♦Cemaran Lindan ♦ Cemaran Mirex ♦ Cemaran Profenofos ♦ Cemaran Toxaphen Peta Cemaran Logam Berat ♦ Cemaran Besi (Fe) ♦ Cemaran Arsen (As) ♦ Cemaran Nikel (Ni) ♦ Cemaran Seng (Zn) Molucca Sea JAKARTA Bekasi BANTEN Bogor Cirebon Sukabumi⭑ WEST JAVA Tegal- Tasikmalaya Cilacap Laut Seram SEMARANG CENTRAL JAVA 4 SURAKARTA Yogyakarta Laut Jawa Madiun SURABAYA Mojokerto Kediri- EAST JAVA MALANG Blitar Probolinggo ९ Laut Bali BALI Matarams Denpasar Q WEST NUSA TENGGARA Legenda Normal (100-500 ppm) Normal-Toxic: (4.8-100 ppm) Toxic: (>500 ppm) web-leaflet-OGIS 10 OpenStreetMan contributors CARTO#16דין FIAT PANIS Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 8th Asian Soil Partnership MEETING 2 May 2023 ASIAN SOIL PARTNERSHIP