Roblox Results Presentation Deck

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October 2023

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#1ROBLOX Q1 2021 Q1 2021 Supplemental Materials May 10, 2021#2Forward-Looking Statements & Non-GAAP Financial Measures ROBLOX Q1 2021 Forward-Looking Statements This presentation contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including but not limited to, statements regarding our product development, investment strategy, business strategy and plans. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date they were first issued and were based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections as well as the beliefs and assumptions of management. Words such as "expect," "anticipate," "should," "believe," "hope," "target," "project," "plan," "goals," "estimate," "potential,” "predict," "may," "will," "might," "could," "intend," "shall," and variations of these terms or the negative of these terms and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which involve factors or circumstances that are beyond our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those stated or implied in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including but not limited to risks detailed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including in our registration statement on Form S-1 as filed with, and declared effective by, the SEC. In particular, the following factors, among others, could cause results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements: our ability to successfully execute our business and growth strategy; the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents to meet our liquidity needs; the demand for our platforms in general; our ability to increase our number of new users and revenue generated from users; our ability to retain and expand our user base; the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic restrictions on our business; the fluctuation of our results of operations and our key business measures on a quarterly basis in future periods; our ability to successfully develop and deploy new technologies to address the needs of our users; our ability to maintain and enhance our brand and reputation; our ability to hire and retain talent; news or social media coverage of the Company, including but not limited to coverage that presents, or relies on, inaccurate, misleading, incomplete, or otherwise damaging information; and any breach or access to user or third-party data. Additional information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company's expectations is included in our registration statement on Form S-1. The forward-looking statements included in this presentation represent our views as of the date of this presentation. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. We undertake no intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any date ubsequent to the date of this presentation. Past rformance is not essarily indicative of future results. 2#3Forward-Looking Statements & Non-GAAP Financial Measures ROBLOX Q1 2021 Non-GAAP Financial Measures This presentation contains the non-GAAP financial measures bookings and free cash flow. We use this non-GAAP financial information to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that this non-GAAP financial information may be helpful to investors because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance. Bookings is defined as revenue plus the change in deferred revenue during the period and other non-cash adjustments. Bookings is equal to the amount of virtual currency purchased by users in a given period of time. We believe bookings provide a timelier indication of trends in our operating results that are not necessarily reflected in our revenue as a result of the fact that we recognize the majority of revenue over the estimated average lifetime of a paying user. The change in deferred revenue constitutes the vast majority of the reconciling difference from revenue to bookings. By removing these non-cash adjustments, we are able to measure and monitor our business performance based on the timing of actual transactions with our users and the cash that is generated from these transactions. Free cash flow represents the net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets. We believe that free cash flow is a useful indicator of our unit economics and liquidity that provides information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated from our core operations that, after the purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets, can be used for strategic initiatives, including investing in our business, making strategic acquisitions, and strengthening our balance sheet. Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in their usefulness to investors because they have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial information as a tool for comparison. As a result, our non-GAAP financial information is presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation table of the most comparable GAAP financial measure to each non-GAAP financial measure used in this presentation is included at the end of this presentation. We encourage investors and others to review our business, results of operations, and financial information in their entirety, not to rely on any single financial measure, and to view these non-GAAP measures in conjunction with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. 3#4Revenue, Deferred Revenue, and Bookings Illustration The following example illustrates GAAP revenue recognition for bookings on the Roblox platform. 4 User spends $25 on the Roblox platform to purchase 2,500 Robux User spends Robux (on average, within 3 days¹) on the platform to purchase: Durable Virtual Items² = 2,300 Robux, or $23 Revenue recognized by month $1 GAAP Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized over lifetime of paying user³ $23 bookings / 23 months³ = $1 per month Month 1 $1/month ($22 deferred) Months 2-23 Consumable Virtual Items² = 200 Robux, or $2 GAAP Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized immediately upon consumption $2 bookings in month of purchase ROBLOX Q1 2021 Recognized in Month 1 Bookings recognized = $25 Revenue recognized = $1 (associated with durable items) Deferred Revenue at end of Month 1 = $22 (to be recognized as revenue in months 2-23) Revenue recognized = $2 (associated with consumable items) Recognized in Month 1: Total Revenue recognized ($3) + Deferred Revenue ($22) = Bookings ($25) 'Average number of days it takes our users to spend Robux upon purchase 2For the three months ended March 31, 2021, durable virtual items accounted for 87% of Roblox platform revenue and consumable virtual items accounted for 13%. For the purpose of the example, we did not apply these exact percentages. ³For the three months ended March 31, 2021 the average lifetime for a paying user was 23 months.#5Revenue ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 5 $110.5 74% 1019 $119.2 58% 2Q19 $131.1 51% 3Q19 $147.6 48% 4019 $161.6 46% $200.4 68% $251.9 92% $310.0 110% 1Q20 2Q20 3Q20 4Q20 $387.0 140% 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021#6Four Main Expense Buckets 6 Cost of Revenue Developer Exchange Fees 'Costs exclude stock-based compensation expense 2Costs exclude personnel, stock-based compensation and depreciation expenses. Personnel Costs excl. Stock-Based Compensation¹ ROBLOX Q1 2021 Certain Infrastructure and Trust & Safety²#7Cost of Revenue ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 7 $25.9 88% 1019 $27.7 66% 2019 $31.6 61% 3Q19 $37.2 62% 4019 $41.8 62% $53.7 94% $65.8 108% $78.6 117% $97.9 134% 1Q20 2020 3Q20 4Q20 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021#8Developer Exchange Fees ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 8 % of Revenue $22.7 40% 1019 21% % of Bookings¹ 16% $23.3 41% 2Q19 20% 15% $26.2 46% 3Q19 20% 16% $39.8 88% 27% $44.5 4Q19 1Q20 17% 96% 28% 18% $85.1 265% 2Q20 42% 17% $85.5 226% 3Q20 34% 17% $113.7 186% 4Q20 37% 18% $118.9 167% 1Q21 31% 18% ROBLOX Q1 2021 'Bookings is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is useful in evaluating our performance and is presented for supplemental information purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. For further information, please refer to reconciliation slides within the presentation and our annual and quarterly SEC filings.#9Personnel Costs excl. Stock-Based Compensation ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 9 % of Revenue $28.0 87% 1Q19 25% $31.3 52% 2Q19 26% $35.3 43% 3Q19 27% $38.7 21% 47% 4Q19 26% $42.6 16% 52% 1Q20 26% $49.4 58% $54.8 25% 56% 2Q20 3Q20 22% $66.9 73% 4Q20 22% $89.5 (¹) 110% 1Q21 23% % of Bookings² 20% 21% 17% 10% 11% 10% 14% ¹1Q21 expenses includes roughly $13.0 million in employer taxes associated with transactions performed in connection with our Direct Listing. Excluding this item, Personnel expenses excl. Stock-Based Compensation would be $76.5 million for the period (80% year on year). ROBLOX Q1 2021 ²Bookings is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is useful in evaluating our performance and is presented for supplemental information purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. For further information, please refer to reconciliation slides within the presentation and our annual and quarterly SEC filings.#10Certain Infrastructure and Trust & Safety¹ ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 10 % of Revenue $24.0 60% 1Q19 22% % of Bookings² 17% $26.5 18% 2Q19 22% 18% $28.7 37% 3Q19 22% 17% $30.5 40% 4Q19 21% 13% $34.8 45% 1Q20 22% 14% $44.9 69% 22% $52.0 2Q20 3Q20 9% 81% 21% 10% $55.7 82% 4Q20 18% 9% $64.0 84% 1Q21 17% 10% ROBLOX Q1 2021 ¹Excludes personnel, stock-based compensation, and depreciation expense. ²Bookings is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is useful in evaluating our performance and is presented for supplemental information purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. For further information, please refer to reconciliation slides within the presentation and our annual and quarterly SEC filings.#11GAAP Net Loss ($ in thousands, unaudited) 11 Revenue Cost of revenue Developer exchange fees Infrastructure & trust and safety Research and development General and administrative Sales and marketing Total cost and expenses Loss from operations Interest income Other expense Loss before provision for income taxes Provision (benefit) for income taxes Consolidated net loss Net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest Net loss attributable to common stockholders 3 Months ended 3/31/2021 $386,976 97,937 118,938 94,136 96,644 94,375 20,002 522,032 (135,056) 5 (1,050) (136,101) 2 (136,103) (1,886) $ (134,217) 3/31/2020 $161,570 41,793 44,499 52,620 49,409 30,558 15,657 234,536 (72,966) 1,247 (3,157) (74,876) 1 (74,877) (498) $ (74,379) ROBLOX Q1 2021 Note: As of March 31, 2021 we had 568.9 million shares of common stock outstanding, and 89.7 million shares of potentially dilutive common stock consisting of RSUs, in-the-money options, warrants, RSAS and ESPP outstanding.#12Non-GAAP Financial Discussion ROBLOX Q1 2021#13Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation Revenue to Bookings 13 (in thousands, unaudited) Revenue Add (deduct): Change in deferred revenue Other Bookings 3 Months ended 3/31/2021 $386,976 269,439 (4,138) $652,277 3/31/2020 $ 161,570 3/31/2019 $110,457 140% 88,769 (763) 32,138 (335) $ 249,576 $ 142,260 2020 to 2021 204% 442% 161% ROBLOX Q1 2021 YOY % 2019 to 2021 CAGR 87% 190% 251% 114% Note: Bookings is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is useful in evaluating our performance and is presented for supplemental information purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. For further information, please refer to reconciliation slides within the presentation and our annual and quarterly SEC filings.#14Bookings ($ in millions, unaudited) Year over year growth % 14 $142.3 $150.3 18% 1Q19 28% 2Q19 $165.4 39% 3Q19 $236.3 66% 4Q19 $494.2 $496.5 $249.6 729% 75% 1Q20 2020 200% $642.3 $652.3 172% 3Q20 4Q20 161% 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021 Note: Bookings is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is useful in evaluating our performance and is presented for supplemental information purposes only and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. For further information, please refer to reconciliation slides within the presentation and our annual and quarterly SEC filings.#15Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities ($ in millions, unaudited) 15 $25.5 1Q19 $14.3 2Q19 $22.9 $36.5 $43.5 3Q19 4Q19 1Q20 $116.6 $185.2 $179.0 (¹) 2Q20 3Q20 4Q20 $164.5 (¹) 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021 The 4Q20 and 1Q21 periods includes one-time Direct Listing expenses of roughly $3.3 million and $51.9 million, respectively. Excluding these one-time costs, our operating cash flow would be approximately $182.3 million and $216.4 million for the periods, respectively.#16Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation Operating Cash Flow to Free Cash Flow 16 (in thousands, unaudited) Net cash provided by operating activities Add (deduct): Acquisition of property and equipment Purchases of intangible assets Free Cash Flow 3 Months ended 3/31/2021 3/31/2020 $164,469 $43,529 (22,133) (256) $142,080 $34,608 (8,921) 3/31/2019 $25,497 (19,937) $5,560 2020 to 2021 278% YOY % 148% n/a 311% ROBLOX Q1 2021 2019 to 2021 CAGR 154% 5% n/a 406%#17Free Cash Flow ($ in millions, unaudited) Acquisition of property and equipment Purchases of intangible assets 17 $5.6 1Q19 $(19.9) $0.8 2Q19 $(13.5) $(0.4) 3Q19 $(21.8) $(1.5) $8.5 4Q19 $(28.1) $34.6 1Q20 $(8.9) $98.7 $159.3 2020 3Q20 $(17.3) $(25.9) $(0.6) $118.6 (1¹) 4Q20 $(51.9) $(8.5) $142.1 (¹) 1Q21 $(22.1) $(0.3) We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and intangible assets. The 4Q20 and 1Q21 periods includes one-time Direct Listing expenses of roughly $3.3 million and $51.9 million, respectively. Excluding these one-time costs, our free cash flow would be approximately $121.9 million and $194.0 million for the periods, respectively. ROBLOX Q1 2021#18ROBLOX Q1 2021 Key Operating Metrics We manage our business by tracking several operating metrics, including: daily active users, or DAUS, hours engaged, and average bookings per daily active user, or ABPDAU. As a management team, we believe each of these operating metrics provides useful information to investors and others. For information concerning these metrics as measured by us, see "Note Regarding Operating Metrics" in the Appendix of this document. Daily Active Users (DAUS). We define a DAU as a user who has logged in and visited Roblox through our website or application on a unique registered account on a given calendar day. If a registered, logged in user visits Roblox more than once within a 24-hour period that spans two calendar days, that user is counted as a DAU only for the first calendar day. We believe this method better reflects global engagement on the platform compared to a method based purely on a calendar-day cutoff. DAUS for a specified period is the average of the DAUS for each day during that period, so 30 days, for example, in the month of September. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate DAUS differently. We track DAUs as an indicator of the size of the audience engaged on our platform. Hours Engaged. We define hours engaged as the time spent by our users on the platform, which includes time spent in experiences, which refer to the titles that have been created by developers, and within platform features such as chat and avatar personalization. Users can personalize the size and body shape of their avatars as well as equip their avatars with items acquired from the Avatar Marketplace, a marketplace that allows users to acquire items such as clothing, gear, simulated gestures, or emotes, and other accessories. Average Bookings per Daily Active User (ABPDAU). We define average bookings per DAU, or ABPDAU, as bookings in a given period divided by the DAUS for such period. We use ABPDAU as a way to understand how we are monetizing across all of our users through the sale of virtual currency and subscriptions. 18#19Daily Active Users (DAUS) (in millions) 19 Year over year growth % 15.8 53% 1019 17.1 52% 18.4 44% 19.1 40% 2019 3Q19 4019 23.6 49% 1Q20 33.4 95% 36.2 97% 37.1 94% 2Q20 3Q20 4Q20 42.1 79% 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021#20YOY DAUS by Region and Age (in millions) By Region Europe US & Canada ■ Europe APAC ROW Total 20 50 45 US & Canada 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 50 15.8 3.3 23 4.6 5.7 28% 1Q19 2019 81% 71% 62% 17.1 3.6 2.7 4.8 53% 6.0 30% 79% 64% 54% 52% APAC 18.4 4.0 28 4.9 6.7 33% 56% 52% 46% ROW 44% 19.1 4.1 3.2 5.5 6.3 26% 48% 51% 45% 23.6 40% 5.2 3.7 7.0 7.8 3Q19 4Q19 1Q20 2020 3020 36% 52% 58% 59% 33.4 49% 7.4 46 9.9 11.4 90% 106% 68% 109% 36.2 95% 9.0 5.4 10.4 11.5 70% 113% 92% 126% 97% 37.1 9.4 5.6 10.9 11.3 4020 78% 97% 77% 129% 94% 42.1 10.6 6.5 12.5 12.6 1Q21 62% 79% 77% 104% 79% YOY By Age Group U13 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 сл 0 U13 013 130 15.8 6.4 9.0 1Q19 59% 49% Total 53% Unknown 17.1 6.7 9.9 60% 46% 18.4 2Q19 3019 52% 7.1 10.8 52% 37% 44% 19.1 7.7 11.0 4Q19 43% 38% 40% 23.6 9.7 13.3 47% 53% 33.4 49% 14.6 17.9 1Q20 2020 3Q20 80% 117% 36.2 95% 16.1 19.3 79% 126% 97% ROBLOX Q1 2021 37.1 17.2 19.5 4020 78% 124% 94% 42.1 20.5 21.3 1021 60% 111% 79%#21Hours Engaged (in millions) 21 Year over year growth % 2,974 42% 1Q19 3,248 50% 2Q19 3,730 3,701 42% 46% 4,875 64% 3Q19 4Q19 1Q20 8,586 764% 8,711 134% 2Q20 3Q20 8,430 128% 9,674 98% 4Q20 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021#22YOY Hours Engaged by Region (in millions) By Region Europe US & Canada ■ Europe US & Canada APAC ROW Total 22 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 2,974 622 411 846 1,094 1,187 1019 19% 67% 65% 46% 3,248 674 518 869 42% 75% 64% 49% APAC 50% 3,730 784 517 974 1,455 52% 56% 38% ROW 42% 3,701 788 603 1,047 1,263 51% 61% 46% 46% 1,397 1,677 4,875 1,058 2,414 743 65% 81% Region and Age 70% 8,586 64% 1,789 2,124 1,166 2Q19 3Q19 4Q19 1020 2020 3Q20 4Q20 1Q21 31% 33% 37% 53% 171% 107% 122% 88% 178% 8,711 3,217 3,013 125% 166% 1,288 164% 2,286 135% 149% 171% 8,430 134% 2,081 1,266 2,274 2,809 117% 110% 164% 9,674 128% 2,338 454 2,726 3,156 95% 96% 121% 98% YOY By Age Group U13 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 U13 013 130 2,974 1,237 1019 45% 40% Unknown 1,653 1,818 Total 42% 3,248 1,342 2019 53% 49% 50% 3,730 1,520 1,557 3,701 2,109 2,049 3Q19 4Q19 46% 47% 39% 42% 46% 46% 4,875 2,074 2,679 1020 62% 68% 64% 8,586 3,788 3,867 8,711 182% 164% ROBLOX Q1 2021 154% 8,430 4,613 4,683 4,402 4,856 134% 3,947 2020 3Q20 4020 1Q21 154% 122% 115% 81% 9,674 153% 4,737 128% 128% 98%#23Average Bookings per DAU 23 Year over year growth % $8.98 $8.78 $9.00 -23% 1019 -16% -4% 2019 3Q19 $12.37 18% $10.58 18% $14.81 69% $13.73 52% 4Q19 1Q20 2Q20 3Q20 $17.30 40% 4Q20 $15.48 46% 1Q21 ROBLOX Q1 2021#24Appendix ROBLOX Q1 2021#25April 2021: Key Metrics (unaudited) 25 43.3M DAUS 37% YoY growth 3.2B HOURS ENGAGED 18% YoY growth $143 - $145M REVENUE 136% -140% YoY growth $5.59 $5.66 ABPDAU 16% -17% YoY growth ROBLOX Q1 2021 $242 - $245M BOOKINGS 59% -61% YoY growth#26Stock-Based Compensation Expense by Department ($ in thousands, unaudited) Infrastructure and Trust & Safety Research and Development General and Administrative Sales and Marketing Total Stock-Based Compensation 26 3 Months ended 3/31/2021 3/31/2020 $5,688 31,594 11,247 2,215 $50,744 $ 2,804 16,723 18,432 4,298 $42,257 3/31/2019 $354 1,663 651 451 $3,119 YOY % 2020 to 2021 103% 89% -39% -48% 20% ROBLOX Q1 2021 2019 to 2021 CAGR 301% 336% 316% 122% 303%#27Personnel Costs excl. Stock-Based Compensation by Department ($ in thousands, unaudited) Infrastructure and Trust & Safety Research and Development General and Administrative Sales and Marketing Total Personnel Costs excl. Stock-Based Compensation 27 3 Months ended 2020 to 3/31/2021 3/31/2020 3/31/2019 2021 $10,711 56,076 14,164 8,599 $89,550 $6,376 26,822 5,819 3,605 $42,622 $3,563 17,312 4,286 2,831 $ 27,993 68% 109% YOY % 143% 138% 110% ROBLOX Q1 2021 2019 to 2021 CAGR 73% 80% 82% 74% 79%#28Depreciation by Department ($ in thousands, unaudited) Infrastructure and Trust & Safety Research and Development General and Administrative Sales and Marketing Total Depreciation 28 3 Months ended 3/31/2021 3/31/2020 $ 13,694 2,640 211 75 $ 16,620 $ 8,668 210 172 35 $9,085 3/31/2019 $5,595 105 32 20 $5,752 2020 to 2021 58% 1157% 23% YOY % 114% 83% ROBLOX Q1 2021 2019 to 2021 CAGR 56% 401% 157% 94% 70%#29Note Regarding Operating Metrics We manage our business by tracking several operating metrics, including: daily active users, or DAUS, and hours engaged. As a management team, we believe each of these operating metrics provides useful information to investors and others. For information concerning these metrics as measured by us, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." ROBLOX Q1 2021 While these metrics are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our user base for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring how our platform is used. These metrics are determined by using internal data gathered on an analytics platform that we developed and operate and have not been validated by an independent third party. This platform tracks user account and session activity. If we fail to maintain an effective analytics platform, our metrics calculations may be inaccurate. We believe that these metrics are reasonable estimates of our user base for the applicable period of measurement, and that the methodologies we employ and update from time-to-time to create these metrics are reasonable bases to identify trends in user behavior. Because we update the methodologies we employ to create our metrics, our DAUS or other metrics may not be comparable to those in prior periods. Additionally, the accuracy of these metrics may be affected by certain factors relating to user activity and systems and our ability to identify and detect attempts to replicate legitimate user activity, often referred to as botting. Daily active users, or DAUS We define a DAU as a user who has logged in and visited Roblox through our website or application on a unique registered account on a given calendar day. If a registered, logged in user visits Roblox more than once within a 24-hour period that spans two calendar days, that user is counted as a DAU only for the first calendar day. We believe this method better reflects global engagement on the platform compared to a method based purely on a calendar-day cutoff. DAUS for a specified period is the average of the DAUS for each day during that period, so 30 days, for example, in the month of September. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate DAUS differently. We track DAUS as an indicator of the size of the audience engaged on our platform. DAUS are also broken out by geographic region to help us understand the global engagement on our platform. The geographic location data collected is based on the IP address associated with the account when an account is initially registered on Roblox. The IP address may not always accurately reflect a user's actual location at the time they engaged with our platform. We do not collect the geographic location of our Xbox users, which are grouped into Rest of World DAUS for the purposes of our reporting. Because DAUs measure account activity and an individual user may actively use our platform within a particular day on multiple accounts for which that individual registered, our DAU metric is not a measure of unique individuals accessing Roblox. Additionally, if undetected, fraud and unauthorized access to our platform may contribute, from time to time, to an overstatement of DAUS. In many cases, fraudulent accounts are created by bots to inflate user activity for a particular developer's content on our platform, thus making the developer's experience or other content appear more popular than it really is. We strive to detect and minimize fraud and unauthorized access to our platform. 29#30Note Regarding Operating Metrics (cont'd) ROBLOX Q1 2021 Hours engaged We define hours engaged as the time spent by our users on the platform, which includes time spent in experiences, which refer to the titles that have been created by developers, and within platform features such as chat and avatar personalization. Users can personalize the size and body shape of their avatars as well as equip their avatars with items acquired from the Avatar Marketplace, a marketplace that allows users to acquire items such as clothing, gear, simulated gestures, or emotes, and other accessories. We calculate total hours engaged the aggregate of user session lengths in a given period. We determine this length of time using internal company systems that track user activity on our platform, and aggregate discrete activities into a user session. 30

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