Invasive Plant Species Distribution

Diversity 2022, 14, 167 27° N 29° N 25° N 27° N 29° N 105° E (a) Cyperus rotundus 10 of 16 cluding Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, Medicago sativa, Sida acuta, Cichorium intybus L., Senecio vulgaris L., Helianthus tuberosus L., and Veronica arvensis L., were located in different regions (Figure 5d). Guiyang 108° E nyi Tongren Qiandongnan Bansk Anshum Onnan 105° E 105° E Orixinan (c) Setaria palmifolia 0 25 50 Km nyi 108° E 108° E Detected • Undetected • Tongren N 25° N 29 N Z Z 29 25° N 105° E (b) Sonchus oleraceus (d) Others Guiyang 108° E Zunyi Tongrens Qiandongnan pans Anshum Qiannan 105° E 105° E Orankinan 0 25 50 Km • Detected Undetected 25 108° E 108° E Bijie Guiyang Zunyi Tongren Guiyang Qiandongnan Qiandongnan Lipansu Anshun Qiannan Lipansu Anshum Qiannan 105° E Orankinan Detected 0 25 50 Km Undetected 108 E 105 E Qraakinan 0 25 50 Km • Detected Undetected 108 E N Z Figure 5. Distribution of generally invasive plants (Level 4). Red and grey dots indicate detected and undetected invasive species, respectively. Regarding the invasive plants requiring further investigations, Solanum quitoense and Axonopus compressus were mainly found in the southwestern part of Guizhou Province (Figure 6a,b) and Crepis tectorum L. in the western part (Figure 6c). Occasional species, including Crassocephalum rubens (Juss. ex Jacq.) S.Moore, Sisyrinchium rosulatum E.P.Bicknell, Amorpha fruticose, and Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty were located in various different regions (Figure 6d). 3.3. Factors Affecting the Distribution of Invasive Plants At the sampling plot scale, we found 0.43 ± 0.49 (mean ± std) invasive species within each 1 × 1 m sampling plot, including 0.17 ± 0.36 malignant invasive species, 0.19 ± 0.34 seriously invasive species, 0.01 ± 0.08 locally invasive species, 0.05 ± 0.14 gen- erally invasive species, and 0.01 ± 0.06 species requiring further observation. The total biomass of all invasive species within each sampling plot was 11.08 ± 25.35 g, among which malignant invasive species, seriously invasive species, locally invasive species, generally invasive species, and species requiring further observation accounted for 3.28 ± 11.54 g, 4.71 ± 16.98 g, 0.40 ± 5.16 g, 2.64 ± 14.86 g, and 0.05 ± 0.43 g, respectively. For the malignant invasive species, there was a significant negative correlation be- tween plant invasion intensity (namely the number and biomass of invasive species) and elevation, and a positive correlation for precipitation, temperature, SOC, and distance to roads (Table 3). For the seriously invasive species, there was a significant positive correlation between plant invasion intensity and elevation and a negative correlation for precipitation, temperature, and SOC (Table 3). The correlations with distance to roads were

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