Panasqueira Tungsten-Tin Mine Presentation
MOLYBDENUM'S VITAL SIGNIFICANCE IN STEEL PRODUCTION
A ALMONTY
fin
TIGHT MARKET WITH GEOPOLITICAL TENSION
Molybdenum, mainly a low-grade by-product, results from the insufficiency of high-grade projects
Globally, there are very few stand-alone molybdenum mines, with only two in the USA and seven
operating as by-product mines.
Worldwide held molybdenum reserves account for less than 5% of the annual demand and are
equivalent to less than 1 month of production
US in-ground Reserves of Moly are estimated to be around 5.4mt and in the rest of the world
around 20mt
Only little substitution for molybdenum in its major application in steels and cast irons
MOLYBDENUM PRICE IN US$ PER LBS
MOLYBDENUM PRODUCTION SPLIT (2022e)
Others 9%
South America 29%
Total Molybdenum
production*
~630m lbs**
China 43%
North America 19%
CRITICAL ROLE OF MOLYBDENUM IN STEEL PRODUCTION
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Nov 2018
Mrz 2019
Jul 2019
Nov 2019
Mrz 2020
Jul 2020
Nov 2020
Mrz 2021
Jul 2021
Nov 2021
Mrz 2022
Jul 2022
Nov 2022
Mrz 2023
Jul 2023
NICKEL ALLOY
3%
MO-METALS
TOOL STEEL
FOUNDRIES
CHEMICALS
STAINLESS STEEL
ENGINEERING STEEL
5%
8%
8%
13%
25%
38%
*Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries January 2023, est. production in 2022
**630m lbs equals ca. 250 metric tonsView entire presentation