Investor Presentaiton
36
PEM differentiated amongst other fuel cell technologies1
Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)
•
Primary applications: transportation, stationary & back-up power
•
•
Advantages: high power density, low operating temp (50-100°C),
durable, quick start, compact
Challenges: sensitivity to fuel impurity
• Fuel: hydrogen
Solid Oxide
•
Primary applications: stationary power
•
.
Advantages: high efficiency, fuel flexibility
Challenges: high operating temp (500-1,000°C), slow start up,
large footprint, not necessarily zero-emissions (fuel dependent),
sensitive to load variation
•
Fuel: natural gas, syn gas, hydrogen
Small footprint
(if hydrogen is
used)
PEM
Solid Oxide
Alkaline
×
Low operating
temp
High efficiency
✓
Quick
start-up
Alkaline
Cell
durability
Primary applications: aerospace, back-up power
Fuel
•
Advantages: low operating temp (90-100°C), quick start, electrolyte
management
flexibility
×
•
Challenges: sensitive to CO2 on fuel and sir
•
Fuel: hydrogen
Complexity/
Fabrication
1 See Slide Notes
BALLARD™View entire presentation