Investor Presentaiton

Government surplus expected again in 2023 Debt metrics all improved again last year Forecasted 2023 GG surplus (3.5%) despite Debt metrics set to improve this year again slowing growth Debt to GNI* expected to fall rapidly 10 5 d-5 -10 175 Debt-to-GNI* (78.8% 2023f; 95% in 2019) 150 125 Debt-to-GG Revenue (181% 2023f; 232% in 2019) 100 do 75 50 25 0₁ -15 -20 I I I | I 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 GGB (% GNI*) Primary Balance (% GNI*) Source: CSO, Irish Department of Finance forecasts Gníomhaireacht Bainistíochta an Chisteáin Náisiúnta National Treasury Management Agency Average interest rate (1.5% 2023f, from 2.2% in 2019) Debt-to-GDP^ (40.5% 2023f, from 57% in 2019) ^ Debt to GDP is not an appropriate metric to use for Ireland | I 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 Debt-to-GNI* Debt-to-GDP Source: CSO, Irish Department of Finance forecasts 5

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