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have to account for VAT (i.e. the reverse-charge regime is not applicable). No registration threshold applies. Taxable persons (both established and not es- tablished in the Czech Republic) may voluntari- ly register for VAT. A group of related parties established or hav- ing a VAT establishment in the Czech Repub- lic may register as a single VAT payer (group registration). Persons identified for VAT A taxable person who is not a VAT payer can become a person identified for VAT if they purchase a specific type of supply, where the place of supply is in the Czech Republic, e.g. they acquire goods from another EU member state, or they supply services where the place of supply is determined in another EU member state under the general rule. The person identi- fied for VAT is obliged to account for VAT on the received supply; however, they are not entitled to claim related input VAT. Reporting requirements VAT returns In general, VAT returns have to be submitted electronically on a monthly basis. Under cer- tain circumstances, VAT payers can opt for a quarterly period. However, a quarterly period is not possible for VAT groups and taxable per- sons whose turnover exceeds CZK 10,000,000 in the previous calendar year. VAT returns must be submitted by the 25th day of the month following the relevant tax period. VAT payers who are not established in the Czech Republic and do not have a VAT es- tablishment in the Czech Republic and persons identified for VAT are only required to submit VAT returns for VAT periods in which they per- formed taxable or zero-rated transactions. VAT must be paid by the due date for submit- ting the VAT return. If there is excess input VAT, VAT credit should be paid to the VAT payer within 30 days of the deadline for submitting the VAT return. The VAT returns must be submitted electroni- cally via special-purpose application. There is a penalty for non-submission/delay in submission of a VAT return (max. CZK 300,000) and penalty interest applies for late payment of VAT (14.05 percent p.a.). EC Sales Lists An EC Sales List must be completed if a VAT payer or person identified for VAT (where appli cable) either: 71

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