Investor Presentaiton
Clean Transportation Impact Calculation Methodology
1.- METHODOLOGICAL BASES
The methodology developed and the emission factors applied are based on the
following references:
1.
2.
3.
EMEP/EEA Air pollutant emission inventory guidebook - 2019.
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines
for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (hereafter 2006
IPPC).
National Inventory of Emissions to the Atmosphere of Spain of
the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and
Environment.
The methodology used is based on that proposed in the European Environment
Agency's technical report COPERT IV (Computer Program to Calculate
Emissions from Road Transport), which is used as a reference in the
EMEP/EEA and IPCC guidelines. This methodology is based on the application
of emission factors by type of vehicle and according to different speeds, as well
as other estimation algorithms.
In the case of direct emissions from urban and interurban bus fleets, diesel
hybrid buses and natural gas hybrid buses have been included.
According to the COPERT methodology, CO2 emissions are included within the
Group 2 pollutants in terms of the calculation approach, where emissions are
estimated from fuel consumption using the emission factors by pollutant and
vehicle type, published in the National Emissions Inventory. The calculation
algorithm is as follows:
E_(CO2,k)=(FE)_(CO2,k) x[Cons]_k
where:
ECO2,k
CO2 emissions per vehicle type k.
Consk Fuel consumption by vehicle type k.
FECO2,k = CO2 emission factor, for vehicle class k.
Therefore, the activity data used is the fuel consumption or otherwise the km
traveled, estimating in this case the fuel consumption based on the consumption
factors [g fuel/km] for each type of vehicle k for the speed considered.
The emission factors used are those published by the Spanish Climate Change
Office (OECC), with those for 2019 being those available to date.
The estimation of indirect emissions associated with electricity consumption is
carried out taking into account the emission factor of the retailer that supplies
electricity to each home. These emission factors are those published by the
Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y las Competencias, being the 2019 factors
those available to date. The calculation algorithm is as follows:
EEE = CEE X FECO2_EE
Where:
EEE CO2 emissions from electricity consumption (t CO2).
CEE= Electrical Energy Consumption (kWh).
FECO2_EE = CO2 emission factor associated with electricity consumption
(t CO2/kWh).
In order to quantify the emissions avoided by regular public passenger transport, it is
taken into account that the demand for travel would be satisfied by the use of private
vehicles. The calculations of avoided emissions are made considering that the
passenger-km traveled by CRTM buses in a given year are in turn traveled by
passenger vehicles and with an average occupancy rate.
Passenger-km traveled is the result of adding the product of the length of an average
trip (km) and the number of passengers. The calculation equations are analogous to
those used to estimate bus fleet emissions, but in this case using DEFRA 2020
factors.
2.- YEAR OF CALCULATION: 2021
3.- SCOPE:
Road modes:
EMT of Madrid (hybrid and pure electric vehicles)
Road concessions in the rest of the Community of Madrid (hybrid and pure
electric vehicles)
Railway modes:
Metro de Madrid (Subway)
Railway concessions
4.- ACTIVITY DATA
Road modes:
Vehicle characteristics (Euro standard, fuel type)
Railway modes:
Fuel/electrical energy consumption of vehicle fleets o Kms traveled per year
Electrical energy consumption for traction and auxiliary installations
5.- EMISSION FACTORS
CO2 emission factors and density and PCI parameters for fossil fuels and
electricity published by the Spanish Climate Change Office (OECC),
available 2020 to date
COPERT consumption factors per KM (EMEP/EEA 2019 Guidelines).
DEFRA 2020 factors (private vehicle emissions)
6.- AUTHORS OF THE CALCULATION
CRTM with the collaboration of NOVOTEC Consultants in the Calculation of Emissions
from road concession buses in the rest of the Community of Madrid, based on its own
data (supply and demand) and activity data (fuel/electrical energy
consumption) provided by the corresponding operators.
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