Investor Presentaiton
Climate 2020, 8, 46
Sugar Beet Yeild (tons/ha)
60
50
B
40
30
20
10
1955
1965
1975
1985
1995
2005
2015
2025
Year
60
C
50
40
30
20
10
1955
1965
1975
1985
1995
2005
2015
2025
Year
Figure 5. Cont.
Performing a cross-spectral analysis between these two variables (Figure 8a) yields statistically
significant variability at wave numbers four, six, nine, 14, 17, and 24 per 59 years, corresponding to a
period of two-to-seven, 10, and 15 years. The former is related likely to El Nino and Southern Oscillation
(ENSO) (see [14]). The latter may be related to the decadal mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation
(NAO) (reference [22]), while the middle value (10) is likely an interannual-interdecadal interaction
mode [9]. The 30-year period found in the sugar beet yield may relate to the interdecadal mode of
the NAO ([22] and references therein), but which may also be related to the Bruckner solar cycle
found to be influential in Central Chernozem Regional forest growth [24]. Additionally, these results
are supported by Table 1, and the HTC results are similar to those of [14]. Even stronger statistical
relationships are present (Table 1) if these data are partitioned by an ENSO phase across each phase of
the NAO (similar to [9,41]).
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