Investor Presentaiton
Organic Carbon %
1
N
m
Soil organic carbon and land use in Veneto and Friuli
Venezia Giulia (Northern Italy)
CRA
CONSIGLIO PER LA RICERCA
E LA SPERIMENTAZIONE
IN AGRICOLTURA
Rosa Francaviglia, Gianluca Renzi and Anna Benedetti
Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di ricerca per lo studio delle
Relazioni tra Pianta e Suolo, Via della Navicella 2-4, 00184 Rome, Italy
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Soil System
Sciences
Division
BACKGROUND AND MAIN FINDINGS
The Italian Ministry of Agricultural Food and Forestry Policies (MIPAAF) has set up a statistical survey aimed
to provide the national forecast of yields and areas related to the main Italian agricultural crops (AGRIT). The
methodology is based on field surveys and remote-sensed data, covers yearly the whole national territory,
and is based on 100,000 observations which are statistically selected from a predefined grid made up of
about 1,200,000 georeferenced points.
In 2011-2012 we determined the soil organic carbon content (SOC) of 1,160 sampling points situated in
Northern Italy in the plains and hills of Veneto (VEN) and Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG), for which the land use in
the period 2008-2010 was known. Samples have been subdivided in three main classes: arable crops,
orchards and fodder crops. SOC was higher in FVG samples (2.48%, n=266) than in VEN samples (1.90%,
n=894). The average value (2.03%) is clearly affected by the higher number of VEN samples.
st
7
6
5.65
FVG
3.41
I
2.72
2.48
2.32
2.19 2.08 2.06 2.03
1.53 1.47
fodder crops
alfalfa
vineyards
I soybean-wheat
maize
maize-wheat
I maize-soybean
3 yr rotations
I soybean
wheat
all
Organic Carbon %
4.00
VEN
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
3.13
m
1.00
0.50
0.00
2.46
fodder crops
orchards
soybean-wheat
soybean-alfalfa
land use change
wheat-alfalfa
alfalfa
1.59
H
1.56
H
maize
maize-alfalfa
maize-wheat
1.55
H
1.53
H
1.45
H
1.43|
H
wheat
maize-soybean
3 yr rotations
soybean
.37
le
1.90
H
In FVG fodder crops (5.65%), alfalfa (3.41%) and
vineyards (2.72%) showed the higher SOC
content. SOC was 2.94% and 1.39 % in the
grassed and no-grassed vineyards respectively.
In the arable crops the average SOC was 2.18%,
ranging from 2.32% (soybean-wheat rotation) to
2.03% (continuous soybean). SOC was 2.19% in
the continuous maize, with 2.23% in corn and
1.87% in silage maize. The lower values were in
the maize-wheat rotation (1.53%) and the
continuous wheat (1.47%).
In VEN the mean SOC value was 1.57% in arable
crops, 2.46% in orchards (including vineyards, olive
groves, and fruit crops), 3.13% in fodder crops. SOC
in orchards was 1.82% (not grassed), 2.46%
(grassed), 2.69% (mulched); 2.10 and 2.08% in the 2-
yr rotations soybean-wheat and soybean-alfalfa
respectively. SOC in the other arable crops was
between 1.79% (land use change) and 1.37%
(continuous soybean). A higher SOC was shown in
VEN samples when comparing continuous corn
(1.69%) and continuous silage maize (1.43%).
2.30
2.20
de 2.10
Organic Carbon %
Organic Carbon %
4.0
Vineyards
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
2.94
1.0
0.5
0.0
2.00
1.90
2.23
1.80
1.70
1.60
Trentino A.A
Friuli V.G.
Valle d'Aosta
Lombardia
Veneto
Piemonte
Emilia Romagna
Liguria
Sardegna
FVG
2.72
1.39
grassed not grassed all
Continuous maize
1.87
corn
silage maize
all
FVG
2.19
VEN
VEN
Organic Carbon%
Toscana
Marche
Umbria
Abruzzo
Lazio
Molise
Puglia
Campania
Basilicata
Organic Carbon %
Sicilia
Calabria
Soil organic carbon %
N
m
+
75; 6%
FVG + VEN
263; 23%
822; 71%
arable crops
orchards
fodder crops
6
FVG
5
5.65
2.72
1
2.18
0
arable crops
orchards
fodder crops
3.0
Orchards
2.5
2.0
1.5
2.69
2.46
2.46
1.0
1.82
0.5
0.0
not grassed
grassed
mulched
all
1.7
Continuous maize
1.6
1.5
1.69
1.4
1.3
1.59
1.43
1.2
corn
n silage maize all
We did not inherit the Earth from our parents, we borrow it from our children (Navajo Proverb)
Soil organic carbon%
Soil organic carbon %
4.0
FVG + VEN
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
2.48
1.0
1.73
0.5
0.0
arable crops
orchards
3.77
il
fodder crops
3.5
VEN
3
2.5
2
3.13
1.5
2.46
1
1.57
0.5
0
arable crops
orchards
fodder crops
CONCLUSIONS
Data, even limited to two Regions, have
clearly shown the positive contribution to
SOC storage of orchards (mainly in grassed
and mulched systems) and fodder crops,
which are more conservative systems due to
the lower soil disturbance from tillage
operations; and to a lower extent of cropping
systems with alfalfa or other legume crops. In
particular, soybean-wheat rotation showed a
higher SOC content than continuous wheat
and soybean.
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