CEMENT MANUFACTURING IN RWANDA

Cement manufacturing process Oxide Source % kiln feed CaO Limestone ~88% SiO2 Sand/shale ~6% Al2O3 Shale ~5% Fe2O3 Iron ore ~1% CALCINATION As limestone is heated to approximately 850°C, it begins to 'calcine' or decarbonate → CO2 gas is driven off CaCO3 → CaO (lime) + CO2(gas) In cement manufacture, CO₂ is formed during Calcination and Coal combustion (Ccoal + 02 → CO₂) We can reduce CO2 emissions per ton of cement through Improved efficiency (less coal burnt) Greater extension of cements (lower clinker content) CIMERWA PPC 17

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