Koç Holding Investor Presentation
Marine Bunker Specification Changes and Its Effects
IMO, at the meeting held in October 2016, lowered the sulphur emission cap from marine bunkers from 3.5% to 0.5% (5000ppm):
effective from 1 January 2020.
Mn b/d
HS FO
Scrubbed
LS FO
Diesel
HS Fuel
Oil
2,1
1,8
LS Fuel Gap
%19
LS Fuel Gap
Install Scrubber
switch
to LNG
%5
%2 Other
2016
2020
2022
Requirements of spec change can be achieved through;
• Use of lower sulphur blend stocks like ULSD (Diesel)
• Low Sulfur Fuel Oil production with light crudes
• Sulphur Fuel Reduction Systems (Scrubber)
LNG
%74
Buy Low Sulphur Fuel
Ship Owners Intention Survey
80% of global trade is done via marine
transportation.
50.000 vessels are in operation.
Bunker fuels account for;
• ~5% of global oil demand
40% of oil related sulphur emissions.
Source: UBS, 2017
Source: IEA, Oil Sector Report, 2017
Investor Presentation
www.tupras.com.tr
OUTLOOK FOR 2018
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