Investor Presentaiton
Climate 2020, 8, 46
magnitude
4×10%
a) Beet Yield
3x10
2x10
1x10
magnitude
10-
30
b) Sugar Content
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
magnitude
cycles
0.8+
0.6-1
0.4
0.2-
c) HTC
5
10
15
20
25
cycles
cycles
Figure 7. The time series of (a) sugar beet yield (tons ha¯¹), (b) sugar content (%) of the beets, and (c)
HTC (mm °C¹) converted to wave space using a Fourier transform. The abscissa (ordinate) is cycles
59 y¹ (spectral power). The units of the transformed quantity (ordinate) are the square of those in
the time series. The blue dotted (green dashed) lines are the 95% confidence level curves using [30]
assuming a white (red) noise spectrum.
We have identified variability in the dynamics of the beet sugar content in the Belgorod region in
connection with the observed climate change and variability during the period under review. However,
there is also a strong negative correlation between sugar beet yield and sugar content of the beets.
The spectral analysis of sugar beet content has significant variability for the periods of three, six to eight,
10, and 20 years as above, while the cross-spectral analysis with sugar beet yield showed significant
peaks at wave numbers seven, 10, 14, and 23 corresponding to strong interannual variability in the
two-to-eight-year time frame (Figure 8c). Thus, the sugar beet content and yield vary inversely and
these two quantities are related to the interannual climate variability (ENSO) of the region. These
results can also be used in planning for short term (a few decades) future climatic conditions and
variability as projected using general circulation models (e.g., [42]).
A comparison of these results to those of other studies demonstrates that the production of sugar
beets is limited strongly by weather and climate (e.g., [15]) since water demand for this crop is not
typically met by precipitation alone. The mean production worldwide has been about 58 tons ha¹ [43],
and according to this source, a good yield is 40-60 tons ha¯¹. The yields for the Belgorod Region during
this study were about 11 – 42 tons ha¯¹. Since 2010, yields in this region have been close to the lower
bound of a "good" yield (Figure 6), in spite of the fact that climatologically this region would not be
as favorable as those in other parts of the world. Thus, the impact of technology on sugar beet yield
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