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Investor Presentaiton

0,5 0 (Low carbon) R&D levels remains very low The acquisition of innovative and productive capabilities requires skilled human capital and R&D support. The region's average R&D expenditure (as a share of GDP) is already amongst the lowest in the world, falling well below other regions (1/3 of the world average). 2000 1,5 1 2,5 2 3 Expenditure on Research and Development by World Region (%GDP) 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: WDI 2014 2015 2016 2017 World European Union -East Asia ▪Latin America -North America

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