Investor Presentation

Respiratory Diagnostics Market Overview CT Technology Sensitive, but expensive and high radiation dose Overview Invented in 1971, computed tomography (CT) technology is considered the current gold standard in lung diagnostic testing. The number three lung diagnostic in the USA with 10.9m tests performed in 2019 (14.7% of all lung diagnostic procedures). Average Estimated Cost* US$525 Advantages: . • 3D image can't miss features Sensitive = High-resolution detail of images Limitations: • • • • • 100 Hight Cost: 4x an X-ray High radiation dose: 70x an X-ray (7 mSv; real cancer risk) High rate of false positives (~95% in NLCST vs 3% mortality for surgery) Structural only Requires highly skilled radiologist to infer function from lung structure Very high rate of utilization (low rate of availability) Nuclear Medicine Capability to measure ventilation and perfusion, but significant limitations Overview Invented in 1963, the ventilation- perfusion scan is a nuclear medicine scan that uses dual radioactive agents (radiopharmaceuticals) to examine airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs. The number four lung diagnostic in USA with 780k tests performed in 2019 (1.1% of all lung diagnostic procedures). Average Estimated Cost* VQ Scan: US$1,503 Advantages: • Perfusion analysis capability Only modality that can identify ventilation/ perfusion mismatch Importance in treating pulmonary embolism & pulmonary hypertension 25-26 27-28 29-30 31-32 45-46 Sagittal 47-48 49-50 51-52 Limitations: High cost, poor resolution of outputs Testing takes 1 hour to complete Use of dual radioactive particulate contrast agents raises toxicity concerns especially for those with pulmonary hypertension Expensive testing equipment needed Complex to administer, requires expert analysis, onerous safety precautions *Frost & Sullivan 2020. Pg 8 Investor presentation 4DMedical

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