Investor Presentation
Marine Bunker Specification Changes and Its Effects
IMO, at the meeting held in October 2016, lowered the sulphur emission cap from marine bunkers
from 3.5% to 0.5% (5000ppm): Effective from 1 January 2020.
%2
Mn b/d
%5 switch
to LNG
Other
HS FO
Scrubbed
2.1
1.8
LS FO
LS Fuel Gap
LS Fuel Gap
Diesel
HS Fuel
Oil
2016
2020
2022
Requirements of spec change can be achieved through;
• Use of lower sulphur blend stocks like ULSD (Diesel)
• Low Sulfur Fuel Oil production with light crudes
Sulphur Fuel Reduction Systems (Scrubber)
LNG
.
%19
Install Scrubber
0
%74
Buy Low Sulphur Fuel
Ship Owners Intention Survey
80% of global trade is done via
marine transportation.
• 50.000 vessels are in operation.
Bunker fuels account for;
• ~5% of global oil demand
40% of oil related sulphur emissions.
Investor Presentation
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