An Overview of Fiscal and Public Debt Dynamics
CPI and import price in Japan
CPI: composition
(YOY, %)
5.0
Others
Durable goods (Household&Recreational)
Electricity&Gas
60
60
50
40
40
4.0
Food, less fresh food
Communication
Petroleum products
All items, less fresh food
3.0
20
30
(YOY, %)
Import price index
(yen-denominated price index)
| Beverages & foods and agriculture products for food
Metals and related products
Lumber & wood products and forest products
Petroleum, coal and natural gas
Exchange rate factor
Error term
Others
All commodities
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0
XXXXX
E☑
XXXXXXX
10
0
-10
-20
-30
1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 1
3 5 7 9 11 1
3 5 7
2020
2021
2022
2023
(CY2020 100)
170.0
160.0
-2.0
150.0
1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7
3
4
5
6
7
8
2020
2021
2022
2023
2023
(Source) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
(Source) Bank of Japan, Bloomberg
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