Investor Presentaiton
Electoral Trends and Political Dynamics of Punjab Province
has implied the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality to analyze the various forms
of personality stimuli on three categories of participation including voting behavior
in general elections, participating in national political campaigns, and thirdly
participating in local and community politics. The writer suggests that people with
Extraversion trait are more sociable and assertive, people with Agreeableness
tendency will be more modest, altruist and sympathetic, whereas people with
conscientious tends to be more dutiful and complying with the rules. On the other
hand, personality traits like emotional stability and openness to experience are more
likely to be having a problem-solving approach (Alan S. Gerber, 2011, pp. 692-706).
Consequently, people develop a particular perception about the candidates based on
their personality characters which also affects the voting turnout and support system.
The perception of the voters about the candidates sets the pattern of electoral
trends. Moreover, candidates from traditional strong families mostly have strong and
influential roles within their area and clan.
Table 2
Do you think that people caste vote on the basis of local grouping and personality
in the constituency?
Cumulative
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Percent
Agree
Disagree
68
78.2
78.2
78.2
18
20.7
20.7
98.9
Valid
Don't Know
1
1.1
1.1
100.0
Total
87
100.0
100.0
In this context, ample examples can have observed in Punjab where specific
personalities emerged as popular leaders at the local as well as the national level. In
addition, they served in important political positions at the provincial and national
levels. For instance, Chaudhary brothers from Gujrat, Sharif brothers from Lahore,
Ghulam Mustafa Khar from Muzaffargarh, Syeda Abida Hussain, Makhdoom Faisal
Saleh Hayat from Jhang, Makhdoom Javed Hashmi, Yousaf Raza Gillani and Shah
Mehmood Quershi from Multan, Farooq Leghari from Dera Ghazi Khan etc.
Party Affiliations
Political parties are the main carriers of demand in a democratic system. In
addition, political parties contest elections through a constitutional process to come
in power. Consequently, political parties have a vital role in the overall electoral
dynamics of the state. They field their candidates in the elections by rigorously opting
for a cost-benefit calculus. Currently, in Punjab, there are three main political parties,
i.e. PML-N, PPP, and PTI. Pakistan People's Party remained popular in Punjab in the
1970 General Elections and secured a two-third majority of seats in Punjab. Then
gradually from 1988, PPP started losing strength in Punjab (Ayoob, 1972, pp. 215-219).
It was in the General Elections of 1997 that PML-N swept and then remained a
popular political party in Punjab. Eventually, it was in 2011 that PTI emerged as a
new factor in Punjab. PTI staged a big procession in Minar-e-Pakistan Lahore and
consequently, their politics gained momentum. Though in the 2013 general elections,
PTI won 30 seats, but most of them were from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Even in the 2018
general elections, most of the seats in Punjab were scored by PML-N, but PTI was able
to a form provincial government with the coalition. In addition, religious political
parties also have support in some particular constituencies of Punjab but they have
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