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Investor Presentaiton

SITE CHARACTERIZATION METHODOLOGY OF CCS 1 TEKNOL STITUT 7920 Regional Characterization Geoscience characterization State/Country assessment: Basin suitability Tectonic setting; basin size; depth; intensity of faulting; hydrodynamic and geothermal regimes; on/offshore; accessibility; existing petroleum and coal resources; industry maturity (Bachu, 2003) Regional site assessment: Identification of prospective sites Site details (distance from CO₂ source, depth to top reservoir, on/offshore); containment (seal capacity and thickness, trap type, faults); storage capacity (pore volume, area, CO₂ density): injectivity (permeability, porosity, thickness); existing natural resources (proven petroleum system, groundwater, coal, national park) (Bradshaw et al., 2002) Regional Characterization 2 Preferred site selected: Detailed site evaluation STRUCTURAL MODEL Geometry of major horizons; fault juxtaposition; fault/fracture intensity STRATIGRAPHIC MODEL Sedimentology; sequence stratigraphy: environments of deposition and facies distribution Injectivity Reservoir quality. geometry and connectivity: CO2-water-rock interactions Geomechanics Fault stability and maximum sustainable fluid pressures Containment Seal extent and capacity: migration pathways; trap mechanisms; CO2-water-rock interactions Hydrodynamics Direction and magnitude of formation water. flow systems Capacity 3-D cellular geological model and pore volume Geoscience characterization 3 Injection phase Injection rate: well design; injection pattern Postinjection phase Long-term migration; dynamic flow behaviour; ultimate destination and form; sweep efficiency; capacity (free-phase, residual and dissolved) Engineering characterization 4 characterization Engineering Coupled models Geochemical reactive transport; geomechanics-flow simulation; hydrodynamics- flow simulation + characterization Socioeconomic Economics Capital and operating costs of compression. transport and injection; costs per tonne of CO2 avoided Risk and uncertainty Quantitative risk assessment; key performance indicators; likelihood of possible CO2 loss; uncertainty ranges Monitoring and verification Direct and remote-sensing geophysical, geochemical and petrophysical technologies for subsurface, well bores, near surface and atmosphere characterization Socioeconomic Gibson-Poole (2009)
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