Investor Presentaiton

Climate Change Risk on Indonesia Indonesia is classified as a country that is vulnerable to the impact of climate change Very Wulnerable Vulnerable Intermediate Less Vulnerable Least Vulnerable Unrated Sovereigns Source Standard and Poor's 2014 RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE 0 ન Indonesia is a country that is very vulnerable to climate change Indonesia is an archipelagic country WITH >17,000 islands and is vulnerable to climate change risks such as the rise of sea level From 2010-2018, national GHG emissions experienced an increasing trend of around 4.3% per year. From 1981-2018, Indonesia experienced increasing temperature of 0.03 °C per year Sumber Data: KLHK (2020), data diolah Indonesia experiences a sea level rise of 0.8-1.2 cm/year, while around 65% of the population lives in coastal areas Source: BMKG (2020) Source: Bappenas (2021) WATER SCARCITY Increasing levels of floods and severe drought will exacerbate the scarcity of clean water. LAND ECOSYSTEM DAMAGE It is scientifically predicted that severe forest fires will occur. This can lead to loss of ecosystems, biodiversity, and changes in Biomass. HEALTH QUALITY DECREASE Floods can cause the spread of vector-borne diseases and death from drowning. An increase in temperature can cause death from heat stroke. FOOD SCARCITY Changes in the production of biomes and ecosystems can lead to food scarcity for all living things. Climate Change may increase the risk of hydrometeorological disasters, which currently reach 80% of the total disasters that occurred in Indonesia. Source: NDC, 2016 Indonesia's potential economic losses can reach 0,66% to 3,45% of GDP in 2030 source: Roadmap NDC Adaptasi, 2020 MARINE ECOSYSTEM DAMAGE Rising sea surface temperatures cause the extinction of coral reefs, seaweed, mangroves, some biodiversity and marine ecosystems. Source: Ministry of Finance 116

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