Creating Stakeholder Value

Future mobility trends The future of transport is expected to involve safer and more sustainable mobility options that provide convenience and personalised transport choices. Transurban is well-positioned for future opportunities through integrating data capabilities with decades of operating experience AI Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVS) Innovation in cars and trucks steadily occurring in sensors, data management and artificial intelligence, which allows vehicles to increasingly perform tasks independently CAV technology has the potential to improve efficiencies on road networks through more fluid traffic flow, increased safety and broadened transport accessibility CAV software integration may tie in with other mobility trends such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS) to facilitate seamless transport journeys on demand MaaS could offer an integrated and convenient transport platform MaaS innovations offer the potential to provide a range of transport solutions based on a customer's personalised travel needs Benefits are centered around seamless convenience for point-to- point travel, including across singular or multiple transport modes MaaS could potentially provide customers with the ability to organise, book and pay for trips across a single account • • Low or zero emission vehicles (ZEVS) Low or zero emission vehicles have been gaining in popularity based on improved economics when compared to internal combustion engines and environmental benefits Continued electrification of vehicle fleets expected to accelerate the transition of vehicles with more advanced software, potentially supporting the integration of CAV technology and MaaS Mass adoption of ZEVS will require new infrastructure and processes, such as charging facilities and approaches to incident response Road user charging (RUC) Under the current fuel excise system, drivers with older and less efficient vehicles pay more in fuel excise per kilometre travelled compared to more fuel-efficient or zero emission vehicles. This creates an increasingly inequitable road funding model over time Governments and the broader industry are exploring various RUC models including usage-based charging Future opportunities may exist to use the RUC model to improve network efficiency, such as using price charging signals to vary driving behaviours in congested areas or during peak periods Transurban 17

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