Solar Market and Cost Analysis

Annual PV capacity Installed in California (MWdc) 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 California Mandates PV + Storage on Nonresidential and Multifamily Buildings Utility-scale Nonresidential Residential Mandated additions on new nonresidential and high-rise multifamily buildings (280 MWdc/y, initial CEC est.) 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+ Sources: CEC, 2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Summary, Aug 2021; CEC, Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings, Aug 2022; CEC, Blueprint (Jan/Mar 2022); New York Times (8/11/21); Solar Power World (8/12/21). • • On January 1, 2023, California became the first U.S. state to require PV and battery storage on newly constructed nonresidential and high-rise multifamily buildings that meet certain criteria. - High-rise multifamily (apartments and condos) Hotel-motel, tenant space - - Offices, medical offices, and clinics - Retail and grocery stores, and restaurants Schools Civic (e.g., theaters, auditoriums, and convention centers). Required PV and battery sizing is based on conditioned floor area or solar access roof area, climate zone, and building type. Approved community solar and battery systems may be used to meet the requirement. The California Energy Commission (CEC) projected (in 2021, before California's net metering policy was revised) the standards would add 280 MWdc of PV and 400 MWh of storage annually. California began requiring PV on new single-family homes and multifamily buildings up to three stories high in 2020. NREL 11

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