2022 Humanitarian Response Plan for Gaza and West Bank

2. CONTEXT OVERVIEW Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territory (opt) face increasing and disproportionate impacts of a deteriorating humanitarian and security situation. This leads to increased civilian casualties and protection risks, deprivation of freedom of movement and displacement. In 2022 protection risks continue to deepen and become more severe. Protracted protection crisis Protection needs in Gaza are driven by a protracted protection crisis with most Palestinians struggling to meet basic needs and live in dignity. The region is marked by 55 years of Israeli military occupation, including a military blockade of Gaza since 2008 affecting all aspects of life. It is also marked by violations of international law (IL) and lack of accountability by both Israel and Gaza de facto authorities, unresolved internal Palestinian political divisions and recurrent hostilities between Israel and Palestinian armed groups, notably four major escalations in 14 years, as well as the Great March of Return (2018-19) - a series of weekly demonstrations at the Gaza-Israel border that led to the death and injury of thousands of Palestinians. The protracted protection crisis means that about 1.32 million Palestinians across Gaza experience or are at risk of conflict, violence and forcible displacement/transfer and are in need of humanitarian assistance.² According to the latest calculation of People in Need (PIN) and severity ranking based on both the 2021 oPt Multi-sectoral Needs Assessment (MSNA) and other available data from protection contextual indicators and indicators specific to each Area of Responsibility (AOR), an estimated 988,000 people across the Gaza Strip are in need of protection and humanitarian assistance. In addition to long term exposure to violence and conflict, socio-economic stressors related to the blockade and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have taken a toll on the mental health of Palestinians, and MHPSS services continue to be over-stretched and unable to meet increasing needs. GAZA PAU Severity Map - May 2022 Protection Cluster - Overall Gaza Protection severity map Overall protection severity Gaza Strip Extreme Severe Stress Governorate boundaries Deir Al-Balah Khan Younis Rafah Gaza North Gaza Information source: Protection Analysis Framework (PAF) Baseline data: OCHA OPt 2 OCHA, Humanitarian Needs Overview 2022, occupied Palestinian territory (opt) 3

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