VSM Data Analysis and Cultural Value Constructs

• Hofstede's Values Survey Module (VSM) Hofstede's multidimensional cultural model originates from his analysis of 116,000 survey questionnaires of IBM employees in 72 countries in 1980 (Minkov and Hofstede 2011). • To make meaningful comparisons with cultures of other countries based on the VSM, Hofstede recommends that the study should be 'anchored' by including at least one new sample from one IBM country (Hofstede 2001, 464). . According to Hofstede so long as the participants represent a homogenous group the findings should provide an insight to the nation's culture.

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