Investor Presentaiton
Geothermal Energy 101 2
Spa*ark Energy_19
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Geothermal 'plays' occur in a broad spectrum of geological
conditions, reflecting the different underlying temperatures,
rock types, structures and depths. Plays can be broadly classified
as 'wet' (hydrothermal) or 'dry' (petrothermal). The former are
typically found near recent volcanos where young rocks are
permeable and saturated: e.g., Iceland and New Zealand. The
latter are typically associated with older, less-permeable rocks:
e.g., Germany and Australia.
Wet plays have a higher energy density. Dry plays require
stimulation to increase permeability and are more expensive to
develop, but constitute the bulk of the world's potential
geothermal resources.
Australian efforts to date have concentrated on dry plays.
Lemont is not a dry play. It sits on a major (paleo-plate)
boundary separating East and West Tasmania and is considered
to be more akin to a wet resource, albeit a non-volcanic one.
Number of wells
160
140-
120
100-
80
60-
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Gross capacity (MWe)
Globally there is a wide range of outputs per well. This graphic
omits outputs above three standard deviations from the average
which is 7.3MW. The maximum recorded value is 52MW (IFC, 2013)
There are several types of geothermal power generators. Lemont would use a
binary system (as shown here), which as well as base-load, is capable of
operating as a load-follower. An attribute that will be increasingly required as
variable generators such as wind and solar increase market share.
Turbine
Generator
Condenser
Waste
Heat
Working Fluid
(vapor)
Working Fluid
Hot Brine
Condensate
Pump
Pump
Heat
Exchanger
Cool Brine
Production
Well
Injection
Well
Geothermal
Zone
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