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5.6 Preventing Forest and Land Fires
The risk of forest and land fires continues to
increase across the world including in Indonesia.
For this reason, Indonesia has developed a
permanent solution to prevent catastrophic fires.
Suppression and prevention of forest and land
fires are a critical strategy to reach Indonesia's
FOLU Net Sink 2030 since they can prevent the
release of carbon into the atmosphere.
There are three permanent solutions that have
been introduced. The first is real-time weather
and climate observation. Weather modification
interventions will be immediately operated as
soon as the weather becomes much drier. The
main intervention is to moisten the land so that
the risk of fires can be lessened.
The second is more prepared fire management
operation. It is applied through enhancement of an
integrated task force, law enforcement, and fire-
care community empowerment.
The third is landscape management to ensure
forests and land remain productive.
Forest and land fire control has been
conducted in collaboration between the Ministry
of Environment and Forestry, the Indonesian
Armed Forces, the Indonesian National Police,
the National Agency for Disaster Management,
provincial task forces, business actors, and the
community at the local level.
The collaboration has made good performance.
In recent years, there have been no large-scale
SKO
JAKAR
Ministerial-level Special Coordination Meeting strengthen
synergy among the Ministry of Environment and Forestry,
the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), the Indonesian
National Police (Polri), the National Agency for Disaster
Management (BNPB), the National Research and Innovation
Agency (BRIN), line ministries/institutions and local
governments, to implement permanent solution on forest and
land fires control.
(Jakarta, 9 February 2021)
forest and land fire incidents that have an impact
on transboundary haze. The extent of burnt areas
continues to show a decline which strengthen the
country's confidence to achieve Indonesia's FOLU
Net Sink 2030 commitment.
Based on the data from the Information
System of Forest and Land Fires (Sipongi), the
burnt area in 2019 reached 1.6 million ha.
The extent then reduced drastically in the
following year. In 2020 the forest and land fires
only covered an area of 296 thousand ha while in
2021 they covered an area of 358 thousand ha.
As of June 2022, forest and land fires occurred in
an area of 46,844 ha and it was predicted not to
reach up to 100 thousand ha.
LET
ANG
GAD
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KUN
KEHU
The airplane of the Indonesian National Air Force
is prepared to carry out the Weather Modification
Technology. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry
collaborates with the Meteorological, Climatological
and Geophysical Agency, the National Research and
Innovation Agency, the National Agency for Disaster
Management, the Peatland and Mangrove Restoration
Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture to anticipate forest
and land fire by implementing Weather Modification
Technology.
(Pontianak, West Kalimantan, 11 March 2021)
5.7 Implementing Ecosystem Conservation
Indonesia is home to some of the highest levels
of terrestrial biodiversity in the world, taking the
second position after Brazil. If it includes marine
biodiversity, Indonesia will be the richest country
in terms of biodiversity (LIPI 2020). A number of
biodiversity studies mention that Indonesia is the
center of global agro-biodiversity with 10% of total
species in the world being present in the country.
As for fauna, Indonesia is home to 720 species of
mammals (13% of the total species of the world),
1,605 species of birds (16% of species of the
world), 723 species of reptiles, 1,900 species of
butterflies, 1,248 species of freshwater fish, and
3,476 species of sea fish, as well as various types
of invertebrates such as shrimp, crabs, spiders,
and other insects.
The Country has carried out various measures
to prudentially manage and protect the mega
biodiversity. The Ministry of Environment and
Forestry has fostered the biodiversity in 552
conservation areas of approximately 27.1 million
ha throughout Indonesia, and designated the
areas as essential ecosystem areas.
Several conservation efforts include field
security patrols in conservation areas, wildlife
rescue programs, wildlife translocation, wildlife
rehabilitation, wildlife and human conflict
prevention, as well as strengthening law
enforcement of illegal wildlife traffic.
As a result, the population of a number of
priority species was significantly increased,
such as the javan and sumatran rhinoceros,
bali starling, and sumatran tiger. Moreover, the
corrective actions in the conservation areas
carried out by Minister of Environment and
Forestry Siti Nurbaya have improved the value of
conservation activities, leading to strengthened
livelihood of the community, especially those
living around the forests. By November 2021,
a Conservation Partnership scheme applied in
conservation forests had covered 176,588 ha,
through 347 collaboration agreements made with
55 work units in 69 units of conservation areas. It
involved 261 villages, 246 partners, and 12,621
households.
Apart
conservation partnerships,
economic
community-based
business
development was carried out to create positive
between communities
relationships
and
conservation areas. In the period 2020-2021, this
community empowerment activity had created
1,359 units of productive economic enterprises
in 644 villages, involving 965 groups and 26,157
group members. This action will directly impact
the sustainability of conservation areas which in
turn will support Indonesia's FOLU Net Sink 2030
agenda.
from
Conservation partnership program for community
empowerment that opens the access for local community
to conservation area in the form of non-timber forest
products collection, such as honey.
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