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Prepared for Utah Higher Education Assistance Authority

Prepared for: Utah Higher Education Assistance Authority Vanguard is different from the rest-and here's how you benefit Typical fund Client invests in a mutual fund, which generates a return to the client after fees Managed by a typical fund company Charges fees to Cover its costs. Generate a profit for outside owners of fund management company. Vanguard fund Managed by Vanguard Charges fees to O Cover its costs. No outside owners = clients keep more of any returns a fund earns. The typical fund management company is owned by third parties, either public or private stockholders, not by the funds it serves. The fund management companies have to charge fund investors fees that are high enough to generate profits of the companies' owners. In contrast, the Vanguard funds own the management company known as Vanguard-a unique arrangement that eliminates conflicting loyalties. No wonder Vanguard's average fund expense ratio in December 31, 2019 was 0.10%, less than one-fifth that of the 0.57% industry average*. All averages are asset-weighted. Industry averages exclude Vanguard. That means Vanguard fund investors keep more of any return their funds earn. * Sources: Vanguard, Morningstar, as of December 31, 2019. For institutional use only. Not for distribution to retail investors. LO 5
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