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Investor Presentaiton

Household Debt: Canada vs U.S. Canadian households' balance sheets compare favourably to U.S. • Canadian headline debt-to-income ratio is now ~ - -3% vs the U.S. peak in 2008 . o Calculated on the same terms, Canada's debt-to-income is currently 166% vs 132% in the U.S. Canadian debt-to-asset ratio remains below U.S. o U.S. households have incentive to pursue higher asset leverage in light of mortgage-interest deductibility • Ratio of total household debt-to-GDP remains lower in Canada than U.S. 。 Calculated on a comparable basis, the ratio of household credit market debt is 98.8% in Canada vs 101.0% in the U.S. Household Credit-Market Debt to Disposable Income Total Household Liabilities as % of Total Assets 30 180 household credit liabilities 174.0 as % of disposable income 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 ༅ ཎྜ ༔ ༔ ༔ ྋ ཀྵུ ༄ ༅ 8 165.8 25 25 20 131.5 ......Adjusted Canadian* Official Canadian Official U.S. 90 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 * Adjusted for U.S. concepts and definitions. Sources: Scotiabank Economics, BEA, Federal Reserve Board, Statistics Canada. 15 household debt as % of assets U.S. Household Credit-Market Debt to GDP 130 % of GDP 120 110 U.S. with unincorporated Original Canada 103.6 100 business debt .....101.0 98.8 90 Canada* 17.9 80 73.9 Original U.S. Canada 70 17.0 60 50 10 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 Sources: Scotiabank Economics, Federal Reserve Board, Statistics Canada. 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 * Adjusted for U.S. concepts and definitions. Sources: Scotiabank Economics, BEA, Federal Reserve Board, Statistics Canada. 66 99
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