Investor Presentaiton
ANNUAL REPORT
P
Private Power and Infrastructure Board
ANNUAL REPORT
Private Power and Infrastructure Board
Implementation of IPPs based
on Thar Coal
Coal remains a major component of global fuel supplies, accounting for 27% of all energy used
worldwide and making up 37% of electricity generation. Figures from the IEA show that coal will still
generate 22% of the world's electricity in 2040 while in South East Asia, coal will fuel 39% of electricity in
2040, retaining coal's position as the single largest source of electricity worldwide. Besides power
generation, coal plays a crucial role in industries such as iron, cement and steel.
Global Energy Mix - 2020
Hydropower
16%
Solar Other
3% Renewables
Wind
59
39
Nuclear
10%
Gas
23%
Coal
37%
RFO/HSD/Oil
3%
Lignite: Lignite coal, aka brown coal, is the lowest grade coal with the least concentration of
carbon. Lignite has a low heating value and a high moisture content and is mainly used in
electricity generation.
The best known high rank deposits of coal of Carboniferous age occur in Europe, Asia and North
America and those of Permian age are located throughout the former continent of "Gondwana Land"
now Pakistan, India and Australia. Low rank deposits of sub-bituminous and lignite occur in Tertiary
strata of Europe, North America, Australia, Asia and parts of South East Asia.
Some 97% of coal reserves of Pakistan are of lignite rank and vast deposits of these occur in Tharparker
area of Sindh Province. Coal was first discovered across Pakistan and the rest of South Asia in the 1880s
and was used by the British-owned railway companies under colonial rule. Later, post-colonial Pakistan
had used coal to fuel its industry from independence to the discovery of the Baluchistan's Sui gas field
in 1952 and the Toot oilfield in 1964. With the discovery of massive 175.5 billion tonnes of coal potential
in Thar area of Sindh in 1990s, Pakistan's coal power potential has increased manifolds. Thar coalfield,
one of the world's largest lignite deposits is spread over more than 9,000 sq. kms with dimensions of
140 km. (northsouth) and 65 km. (east-west) comprise around 175 billion tones. If properly exploited,
Pakistan's coal resources may generate more than 100,000 MW of cheap electricity for decades to
come. Coal - the black gold is spatially distributed in all the four provinces of Pakistan and in AJ&K. After
discovery of massive lignite coal reserves in Sindh which possesses 99 percent of the total coal reserves
of country, Pakistan has emerged as one of the leading country - seventh in the list of top 20 countries
of the world. The vast reserves of coal in Pakistan and in Azad Jammu & Kashmir are depicted in the
following graph:
Source: IEA
Reliable, affordable, and stable energy access is a key requirement for modern life, preserved by the
UN's Sustainable Development Goals, yet more than 3.5 billion people lack reasonably reliable access to
electricity. Across the globe, coal is playing a fundamental role in providing access to baseload
electricity - power that is constantly available across the globe. There are four major types of coal
available across the world:
Anthracite: The highest rank of coal. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to
as hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile
matter.
Bituminous: Bituminous coal is a middle rank coal between subbituminous (defined below)
and anthracite. Bituminous coal usually has a high heating (Btu) value and is used in electricity
generation and steel making in the United States.
Subbituminous: Subbituminous coal is black in color and is mainly dull (not shiny).
Subbituminous coal has low-to-moderate heating values and is mainly used in electricity
generation.
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Coal Potential in Pakistan
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