Windsor Framework & Northern Ireland Protocol Overview

Investor base Demand for Government bonds is wide and varied Country breakdown: Average over last five syndications 7.2% 14.0% Investor breakdown: Average over last five syndications 8.5% 11.2% 22.4% 5.5% 48.8% ■Ireland ■ UK US and Canada ■Continental Europe ■Nordics Asia & Other Gníomhaireacht Bainistíochta an Chisteáin Náisiúnta National Treasury Management Agency Source: NTMA 47.0% 33.4% ■Fund/Asset Manager Banks/Central Banks* Pensions/Insurance ■ Other Source: NTMA 41 * Does not include ECB. ECB does not participate on primary market under its various asset purchasing programmes

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