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French territorial organisation Composed of: 18 regions 101 départements 35 357 municipalities, of which 94.5% under 5,000 inhabitants Principle of free administration by elected councils, no local institution can exercise any authority on another Income and competences are defined by national law → A key role of the national State in the territorial organisation Several characteristics : 1) Process of merging and combinations to optimise local public action : Example with the << Loi NOTRE » : switch from 26 regions to 13 metropolitan regions, to improve efficiency and focus of Regions on investment policies Merging at the muni level: 36 588 municipalities combined by end-2015 2) Competences attributed to each level of local authorities based on the principle of subsidiarity, and withdrawal of the concept of general competences in 2015 → Given their size and strategic positioning, Regions are investment authorities by essence, with a leadership role amongst local administrations in terms of economic development, environment, planning. Région îledeFrance © Finance Department - Region Ile-de-France 49 49

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