Investor Presentaiton
HKAS 1.51(a)
HKAS 1.49
HK Listco Ltd
Financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023
HKFRS 7.35F(a) & (b)
ECLs are measured on either of the following bases:
12-month ECLs: these are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible
within the 12 months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the
instrument is less than 12 months); and
lifetime ECLs: these are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected
lives of the items to which the ECL model applies.
The group measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs, except for the following,
which are measured at 12-months ECLs:
financial instruments that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and
other financial instruments (including loan commitments issued) for which credit risk (i.e. the
risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased
significantly since initial recognition.
Loss allowances for trade receivables and contract assets are always measured at an amount equal to
lifetime ECLs97.
Significant increases in credit risk
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial instrument (including a loan commitment)
has increased significantly since initial recognition and when measuring ECLs, the group considers
reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort.
This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the group's
historical experience and informed credit assessment, that includes forward-looking information.
The group assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than
30 days past due 98.
For loan commitments, the date of initial recognition for the purpose of assessing ECLs is considered
to be the date that the group becomes a party to the irrevocable commitment. In assessing whether
there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition of a loan commitment, the
group considers changes in the risk of default occurring on the loan to which the loan commitment
relates.
The group considers a financial asset to be in default when:
the debtor is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the group in full, without recourse by the
group to actions such as realising security (if any is held); or
the financial asset is 90 days past due⁹9.
HKFRS 9.5.5.15
97
HKFRS 9.5.5.11
98
For trade receivables and contract assets under HKFRS 15 without a significant financing component and those to which the
practical expedient in paragraph 63 of HKFRS 15 has been applied, an entity is required to measure the loss allowance at an
amount equal to lifetime ECLs. For trade receivables and contract assets under HKFRS 15 with a significant financing component
and for lease receivables, an entity can choose as an accounting policy either to always measure the loss allowance at an
amount equal to lifetime ECLS (i.e. the simplified model) or to apply the "general" model. The general model in HKFRS 9
involves recognising a loss allowance equal to 12-month ECLS unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk since
initial recognition, in which case lifetime ECLS are recognised. The accounting policy chosen should be applied to all such trade
receivables, contract assets and lease receivables.
Paragraph 5.5.11 of HKFRS 9 includes a rebuttable presumption that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased
significantly since initial recognition when contractual payments are more than 30 days past due. Unless this presumption is
rebutted, lifetime ECLs should be recognised whenever contractual payments are more than 30 days past due. Lifetime ECLS
should also be recognised whenever significant increase in credit risk arises, even if contractual payments are less than 30 days
past due.
Paragraph 35F(b) of HKFRS 7 requires an entity to disclose its definitions of default, including the reasons for selecting those
definitions.
Default is not defined in HKFRS 9. An entity should apply a default definition that is consistent with the definition used for
internal credit risk management purposes for the relevant financial instruments. However, there is a rebuttable presumption
that when a financial asset is 90 days past due it is in default unless an entity has reasonable and supportable information to
demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.
HKFRS 7.35F(b)
HKFRS 9.B5.5.37
99
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