Investor Presentaiton

0 -50 -100 150 100 50 Latest Census data show net migration positive since 2015 - Migration improves Ireland's human capital Ireland's net migration has swung back and forth on economic performance 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Immigration Gníomhaireacht Bainistíochta an Chisteáin Náisiúnta National Treasury Management Agency recent slowdown due to Covid 2003 2005 2007 Emigration Source: CSO 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 Net Migration Migration inflow particularly strong in highly educated cohort - work in MNCs attractive 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 Third level Other Education Net Migration 2009-2013 annual average 2015-2021 199 61

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