Twitter Results Presentation Deck
Metrics and non-GAAP information (cont.)
In addition, our data regarding user geographic location for purposes of reporting the geographic location of our MAUS is based on the IP
address or phone number associated with the account when a user initially registered the account on Twitter. The IP address or phone
number may not always accurately reflect a user's actual location at the time such user engaged with our platform. For example, a
mobile user may appear to be accessing Twitter from the location of the proxy server that the user connects to rather than from a user's
actual location.
We regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating our internal metrics to improve their accuracy. Our measures of user
growth and user engagement may differ from estimates published by third parties or from similarly-titled metrics of our competitors due
to differences in methodology. We present and discuss our total audience based on both internal metrics and relying on data from
Google Analytics, which measures ogged out visitors to our properties.
We define monthly active users (MAUS) as Twitter users who logged in or were otherwise authenticated and accessed Twitter through our
website, mobile website, desktop or mobile applications, SMS or registered third-party applications or websites in the 30-day period
ending on the date of measurement. Average MAUs for a period represent the average of the MAUS at the end of each month during the
period. We define daily active users or daily active usage (DAU) as Twitter users who logged in or were otherwise authenticated and
accessed Twitter through our website, mobile website or mobile applications on any given day. Average DAU for a period represents the
number of DAUs on each day of such period divided by the number of days for such period. To calculate the year-over-year change in
DAUS, we subtract the average DAU for the three months ended in the previous year from the average DAU for the same three months
ended in the current year and divide the result by the average DAU in the previous year. Prior to Q3 2016, Twitter has discussed DAUS
and the ratio of monthly active users (MAUS) to DAUs. In those instances, for comparability and consistency with MAUS, DAUs also
included users who accessed Twitter through our desktop applications and third-party properties.View entire presentation