Optimizing Design and Controls for Thermal Energy Storage

Finite Difference Model - Results kWh kWh = m³ effective m³ nominal Geometry Dependent Nominal Volumetric Energy Density (kWh/m³) 0.95 Porosity (-) 0.85 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 110 0.8 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 Thickness (m) . Charge Utilization Geometry-Material-Operation Dependent porosity Charge Utilization (%) 10 Tcutoff - Tphase Change (°C) 7 James et al., 2022 4 thickness 0.25 1.5 2.5 C - Rate (1/hr) 100 80 60 60 60 40 40 20 20 0

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