Nikola SPAC Presentation Deck
EXPECTED DEVELOPMENT OF
KEY OPEX ITEMS
EXPECTED DEVELOPMENT OF KEY OPEX ITEMS
PERSONNEL
COST
NON-
CAPITALIZED
R&D
SG&A
EXPENSES
Headcount (ex. manufacturing & plant personnel and hydrogen station personnel)
$M
$M
-220
2019
Note:
1 Fully loaded employee cost
48
2019
-400
2020
11
2019
-500
2021
2020
-2X
-600
2022
<-700 -730
2023
1.3-1.5X
2020
2021
2024
KEY CONSIDERATIONS
• Headcount expected to increase from 2019 due to new hires in the
engineering /development department amongst other
. From 2024 headcount is expected to grow stable at ~2% p.a.
• Average employee cost of $133K in 2019. Expected to increase by
-14-15% in 2020, and remain stable afterwards
• Direct labor costs covered in COGS - not included in personnel costs
Increase from 2019 to 2020 driven by outsourced R&D development
primarily for truck development (e.g. in-kind services from Iveco (non-
cash) and truck cab development)
R&D expected to increase further in 2021 mainly due to outside
development expenses and purchased components
R&D as % of sales expected to decrease from -40% in 2022 to below
-10% in 2023, and then further to below 5% in the next few years
SG&A expected to increase by-2x from 2019 to 2020 due to
increased travel expenses and marketing spending
SG&A as % of sales expected to decrease from ~15% in 2021 towards
-8-9% over the next few years
ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY; ACTUALS MAY VARY
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