#1旬 Online ADB Sanitation Dialogue 2021 ACCELERATING INCLUSIVE SANITATION Experience from Pakistan: 12-22 April 2021 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Cities Improvement Project (KPCIP) Kiyoshi Nakamitsu Asian Development Bank The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author/s and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this presentation and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this presentation do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology. ADB#2BALOCHISTAIN ARABIAN SEA Quetta KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA Abbottabad Peshawar ISLAMABAD Karachi SINDH Target Cities . ● Abbottabad Kohat • Mardan ● Mingora Peshawar Lahore PUNAB Khy r Pakhtukhwa: Pect Districts Khyber Orakzai Kurram Chitral Upper Dir Kohistan Swat Lower Dir Mingora Shangla Batagram Bajaur Mansehra Malakand Mohmand Kohat Hangu Karak North Waziristan Bannu South Waziristan Tank Lakki Marwat Dera Charsadda Buner Mardan Swabi Haripur Nowshera Legend Abbottabad N Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Boundary. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Districts Project Districts Cities Ismail Khan 0 50 100 200 In KP Province Pakistan, Access: 62% of population in Ex-FATA districts, and 84% in the rest of the KP districts have access to basic water services. Safety: An average of 84% of water supplied is unsafe. Around 70 percent of households drink bacterially contaminated water. Hygiene: Only 44% of population have access to a handwashing facility. 2#3Last 24 hours Last 24 hours Last 24 hours TAJIKISTAN Confirmed Cases Active Cases Deaths Recoveries 4,468 67 649,824 8 42,384 14,158 2.2% 2,137 593,282 999 91.3% Confirmed Active Deaths Recoveries Cases Cases KPK 83,630 AJK 12,245 1,272 342 10,631 Balochistan 19,453 Balochistan 19,453 225 205 19,023 GB 4,990 29 103 4,858 Islamabad 55,056 7,876 557 46,623 Z 4 KPK 83,630 7,316 2,274 74,040 R Punjab 210,095 21,309 6,190 182,596 Sindh 264,355 4,357 4,487 255,511 KARACHI ARABIAN SEA Province wise situation as of 27 Mar 2021 GB 4,990 Ka ISLAMABAD ANIKAGAK INDIAN ILLEGALLY OCCUPIED JAMMU & KASHMIR DISPUTED TERRITORY FINAL STATUS TO BE DECIDED IN LINE WITH RELEVANT UNSC RESOLUTIONS FRONTIER UNDER LAMOR AJK 12,245 Islamabad 55,056 Punjab 210,095 Sindh 264,355#4Three KPCIP cities have the highest COVID-19 positivity rates in Pakistan POSITIVITY RATE BY MAJOR CITIES/DISTRICTS Last 24 hrs Peshawar Source: WHO Pakistan COVID-19 situation report, 7 April 2021 1,434 Swat 625 Rawalpindi 837 Gujranwala 276 Faisalabad 1,022 Lahore 6,215 Muzaffarabad 154 Multan 947 Abbotabad 342 Islamabad 6,772 Mirpur 23.7% 20.2% 18.3% 17.4% 16.6% 16.4% 13.6% 10.2% 10.2% 8.3% Quetta Hyderabad Karachi Bahawalpur Gilgit 179 1,129 659 3,612 387 118 7.8% 7.0% 6.7% 5.5% 4.4% 0.0% Tests Conducted last 24hrs Tests Positive last 24hrs#5CONTEXT: KP Cities Improvement Project (KPCIP) makes the "P" of the "KAP" sequence possible. KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE information, Education, Communication Change in attitude: Health education interventions communities believe in benefits of hygiene Knowledge, attitude WASH facilities and services Good sector governance Hygienic behaviour Sustainable services KPCIP PRACTICE Behaviour change requires enabling environment and infrastructure Health benefits#6Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's urban services: problem tree Project will address Poor health and high mortality Effects Unhygienic environment: pollution, flooding, congestion Problems Lack of facilities to practice good hygiene Unreliable & Unsustainable Urban Services Infrastructure & O&M Financing Gap Infrastructure Gap HR Capacity Gap Inefficient institutional arrangements Causes Irregular Gov't resource allocation to municipal services No own source revenues (no cost- recovery tariffs) No service standards benchmarking for urban services Limited participation of private sector Political interference in urban services Overlapping mandates of government agencies#7Output 1: Climate Resilience Urban Infrastructure and Services H Ю WATER SUPPLY • Water Pipes • Treatment Plants • Water Reservoirs • Tube wells • Surface Water Goal: improved Access to Clean Water Supply SOLID WASTE • Landfill Sites • ● Recycling Facilities Hospital Waste TECHNICAL SUPPORT SANITATION • Treatment Plants • Drainage · Trunk Sewer Sewage Pipes Waste to energy Goal: Waste Water treated before being released INCLUSIVE URBAN SPACES • Gender-based SME • WtE plant Goal: Solid waste are collected and managed EQUIPMENT • Pink taxis • Street Improvement • Greenways • Urban Forests Goal: Make the cities livable and inclusive#8Why institutional strengthening? Key challenges M Benefits: SERVICE STANDARDS Only 4/42 municipal services have municipal "service standards". - Establishes benchmark for municipal services - Essential for service contracts & customer service ASSET MANAGEMENT None of KPCIP Cities have comprehensive AMP. Benefits: COST RECOVERY 2% of water and sanitation services are charged in KPCIP cities. - Reduces government grant subsidy - Improves WSSC financial sustainability NON-REVENUE WATER 42% Non-Revenue Water in KPCIP cities. Benefits: - Strategic, tactical, & operational urban planning Benefits: - Improved revenue of WSSC - Improved services for urban citizens#9infrastructure required ranges from costly to simple:#10Enn مدا Output 2: Institutional strengthening SUPPORT TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT Financial sustainability actions (cost recovery tariffs) Service standards, benchmarking, and KPI • HR strategy and assessment - . incentives and accountability Behavior change and program communication Goal: Local governments empowered to fully implement decentralization in accordance with Local Government Act 2019. The Act devolves many responsibilities to sub-district (Tehsil and City) local governments TECHNICAL SUPPORT CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT OF UTILITIES: WATER & SANITATION SERVICES COMPANIES (WSSCs) A • • Energy efficiency • • Non-revenue water management . (smart meters, leak detection) Financial and assets management Customer services Contract/HR management Behavior change interventions and public information, communication and education Partnerships with private sector • Goal: WSSCs enabled to provide sustainable and quality services#1111 . Key Issues • CWIS context: KPCIP Project makes the "P" of the “KAP” sequence possible. Behavior change requires enabling environment and WASH infrastructure Good governance and institutional strengthening are essential for sustainable infrastructure and services. Institutional strengthening is highly complex and more of a challenge than provision of infrastructure. ⚫ KPCIP illustrates the necessity of working within and supporting the government's legal, policy, and institutional framework • Essential for sustainability, upscaling and buy-in. ACCELERATING INCLUSIVE SANITATION#12旬 Online ADB Sanitation Dialogue 2021 ACCELERATING INCLUSIVE SANITATION 12-22 April 2021 Thank you! ADB