#1Impacts of Illicit Trade on Achieving the SDG's: The Nigerian Perspective Mustapha Tunde Mukaila Minister/Charge d'Affaires Permanent Mission of Nigeria, Geneva UNCTAD Illicit Trade Forum Geneva, Switzerland, 3 February 2020 The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of UNCTAD#2NIGERIA IN FOCUS ● Land Mass: 923,763 km² • Neighbours: Benin, Niger, Chad, RKINA Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea. • Population: 200 million ASO BENIN Dukku. TOGO Ilorin Ibadan Lagos NA Bight of Benin U • Sokoto NIGER Katsina Kano • Maiduguri Potiskum. Kaduna Kainji Lake Jos Abuja Niger NIGERIA Onitsha • JOS PLATEAU Makurdi Benue Kumo CAMEROON •Calabar Bight of Biafra Port-Harcourt 75 150 miles ATLANTIC J OCEAN 100 200 km. CH W E S RAND MON © R#3Illicit Trade:The figures are staggering • Economic Leakage: USD 2.3tr . ● Illicit flows from crime: USD 2.2tr Loss from counterfeit goods: USD 200b Forced Labour: USD 150b • Smuggling: USD 500b Illicit Arms: USD 95b#4Negative Impact of Illicit Trade/Finance on the SDG's NO 1 POVERTY 2 HUNGER 555 ZERO ர்ச்ச்+ர் 7 AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY 13 CLIMATE ACTION 8 DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH 4 EDUCATION QUALITY 5 EQUALITY GENDER 6 AND SANITATION CLEAN WATER 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING м 1 9 INDUSTRY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 10 10 REDUCED INEQUALITIES LIFE 14 BELOW WATER 15 ON LAND LIFE PEACE, JUSTICE 16 AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS 11 SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES PARTNERSHIPS 17 FOR THE GOALS 12 RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION QO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS#5Negative Impact of Illicit Trade/Finance on the SDG's • Negative impact on resource mobilisation • Loss of government revenue • Crowding out of legitimate businesses • Illicit actors taken over government machineries#6Illicit Trade in Arms and Ammunition • The AU identify trafficking of arms and ammunition as the main type of illicit trade in Africal • Millions of small arms and light weapons traded illegally, finding their way to Nigeria through the Sahel • The weapons are not manufactured in Africa, not imported by any state agent • Wrecking havoc and preventing the achievement of SDGs.#7Effect of Illicit Trade in Arms 30 million in sub-Saharan Africa and eight million in West Africa 60% of these came through illicit trade, in the hands. of non-state actors, fuelling insurgency in N.E. SDG1, 2, 3 & 4: Poverty, Hunger, Health and Education#8Illicit Trade in Commodities: Rice, Vehicles... Over 2m tonnes of rice smuggled into Nigeria yearly.#9Illicit Trade in Vegetable oil, Poultry e.t.c Goods like vegetable oil, frozen poultry also traded illegally#10Illicit Trade in Natural Resources: Crude oil 300,000 bpd lost daily Costing more than USD 5.5b yearly Refined petroleum smuggled out of Nigeria to Neighbouring countries LADY#11Effects of Illicit Trade in Oil Environmental degradation SDG13,15 Massive loss of government revenue Clean Energy, water/Sanitation SDG6&7 Degraded Infrastructure/schools SDG 9#12Illicit Trade: Human Trafficking. Every years, thousands of Nigerian girls are trafficked to Europe Thousands more ends up in detention camps in Libya sts#13. Human Trafficking & Forced Labour Have negative effects on attainment of SDG 5, 8 & 16 Negative effects at Source/transit and destination countries#14Thank you for Listening