#13rd International Hybrid Power Systems Workshop 8-9 May 2018 Tenerife, Spain Towards 100% Renewables in the Faroe Islands Wind and Energy Storage Integration Terji Nielsen Head of R&D department Dipl. Ing. E.E. (Hons) MBA Renewables SEV#2. Agenda Introduction - General about SEV, 100by2030 vision, Energy mix, projected energy demand, renewable resources Battery system in Húsahagi Schematic design, system data, operational experiences Economy of the battery system - Utilisation of the wind farm, simple payback time SEV#3Faroe Islands Greenland Norwegian Sea Kalsoy Kunoy Vidoy Iceland Fugloy Fuglafjordhar Svinoy Vestmanna Eysturoy Mykines Streymoy Klaksvík Bordhoy FAROE ISLANDS Vagar Pagar Airport TORSHAVN Shetland Islands, Koltur Nólsoy North Atlantic Ocean Hestur Western Isles (Hebrides) NORTH Sandor Húsavík ATLANTIC Skivoy OCEAN दि Sudhurov Vágur Stóra Dimun rfjorditur Litla Dimun Tvøroyri Sumba 5/8/2018 Orkney Is. Norway Sápmi Finland Aland Islands Sweden Est. Latvia Scotland North Sea Denmark Baltic Sea Lith. Russia Ireland Man Ireland Poland Wales England Netherlands Germany Belgium France Czech Rep. 3 SEV#4Faroe Islands Kalsoy Kunoy Vidoy Fugloy Fuglafjordhar Seinoy Vestmanna Eysturoy Mykines Streymoy Klaksvík Bordhoy Vagar Pagar Airport TORSHAVN Koltur Nólsoy Hestur Sandor NORTH Húsavík ATLANTIC Skivoy OCEAN Stóra Dimuni rfjorditur Litla Dimun Sudhurov Tvøroyri Vágur Sumba 5/8/2018 General data: 18 islands (17 are populated), electrically isolated 50.000 inhabitants - Area of 1.399 km² Main export: Fish and fish products 4 SEV#5Electrical Company SEV General company facts: Non-profit, founded 1st October 1946 100% owned by all Faroese municipalities ■ Fossil fuel Powerplant ● Hydro Powerplant 60kV Substation Windturbine 60kV 20kV 10kV 6kV Subsea Cable 5/8/2018 - Vertically Integrated Company - Joint and several price structure Monopoly on grid operation (transmission & distribution) "De facto" monopoly on production (98%) "Micro isolated system" in EU terms (< 500 GWh @ 1996) Directive 2009/72 Derogation from relevant provisions in different chapters about unbundling, third party access etc. 5 SEV#60 GWh Energy Mix 1954 - 2017 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1954 1956 5/8/2018 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 Thermal 1982 1984 1986 1988 Hydro Wind 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Source: SEV 2016 6 SEV#70% 20% 169 5/8/2018 40% 100% 80% 60% Hours with renewables only: 1576 h (66 days) Hours with renewables > 80%: 3288 h (137 days) Renewable energy duration curve 2015 337 505 673 841 1009 1177 1345 1513 1681 1849 2017 2185 2353 2521 2689 2857 3025 3193 3361 3529 3697 3865 4033 4201 4369 4537 4705 4873 5041 5209 5377 5545 5713 hours 5881 6049 6217 6385 6553 6721 6889 7057 7225 7393 Hours with renewables > 60%: 5508 h (230 days) 7561 7729 7897 8065 8233 8401 8569 7 SEV 8737 Hours with renewables > 40%: 6810 h (284 days)#8Energy [GWh] 600 Projected Energy Demand 2015-2030 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 ■Traditional Electricity Heating Electric Vehicles 5/8/2018 8 SEV#9Renewable resources in the Faroe Islands 5/8/2018 FAROEPHOTO.COM 6 SEV#10Identification of renewable resources Average wind speed: > 10m/s Precipitation: > 1300 mm/year (Tenerife: < 250 mm/year) Peak tidal velocities: ~ 3.5 m/s ~ Average sun hours: 1000 hrs/year (Tenerife: -3000 hours) 5/8/2018 10 SEV#11[mm] [hrs] Correlation between the resources 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 60 40 20 8 6 4 2 14 12 10 m/s jan feb mar apr may june july aug sept oct nov dec Average Sun hours [hrs] -Average Precipitation [mm] -Average Wind speed [m/s] Average Tidal stream velocity [m/s] SEV#12Our Vision.... 5/8/2018 "The engineering is secondary to the vision" Cynthia Ozick 12 SEV#13GWh "100by2030" 600 550 500 100by 450 2030 400 350 300 250 Saft Intensium 200 150 100 50 0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 ■ Fossil ■ Renewables 5/8/2018 2027 2028 2029 2030 13 SEV#14Unstable weather conditions 5/8/2018 14 SEV#1545,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15.000 10,000 5,000 .000 Wind conditions 70,000 Vindferð Húsareyn 65,000 Gust 68 m/s (244 km/h) 60.000 11 55.000 10-min average: 48m/s (172 km/h). 50,000 2011-11-23 00:00:00 2011-11-23 01:10:00 2011-11-23 02:20:00 2011-11-23 03:30:00 2011-11-23 04:40:00 2011-11-23 05:50:00 2011-11-23 07:00:00 2011-11-23 08:10:00 5/8/2018 2011-11-23 09:20:00 2011-11-23 10:30:00 2011-11-23 11:40:00 2011-11-23 12:50:00 2011-11-23 14:00:00 2011-11-23 15:10:00) 2011-11-23 16:20:00 2011-11-23 17:30:00 2011-11-23 18:40:00 2011-11-23 19:50:00 2011-11-23 21:00:00 2011-11-23 22:10:00 2011-11-23 23:20:00 2011-11-24 00:30:00 2011-11-24 01:40:00 2011-11-24 02:50:00 2011-11-24 04:00:00 2011-11-24 05:10:00 2011-11-24 06:20:00 2011-11-24 07:30:00 2011-11-24 08:40:00 2011-11-24 09:50:00 2011-11-24 11:00:00 2011-11-24 12:10:00 2011-11-24 13:20:00 2011-11-24 14:30:00 2011-11-24 15:40:00 2011-11-24 16:50:00) 2011-11-24 18:00:00 2011-11-24 19:10:00 2011-11-24 20:20:00 2011-11-24 21:30:00 2011-11-24 22:40:00 2011-11-24 23:50:00 2011-11-25 01:00:00 2011-11-25 02:10:00 2011-11-25 03:20:00 2011-11-25 04:30:00 2011-11-23 00:10:00 6 MW 7 8 9 10 Wind Farm output Time scale: 18 minutes (data from September 1., 2017) 15 SEV#16Extreme ramp rates (Húsahagi WF) 5/8/2018 10 9 8 7 52 51.5 51 AP = -5.4MW 6 in 60 seconds in 5 50.5 4 Húsareyn MW -frequency 50 3 2 1 49.5 0 49 13:31 13:32 13:33 13:34 13:35 13:36 13:37 13:38 13:39 16 SEV#17Challenging weather Kurve visning MW 12.00 11.00- 10.00- 9.00- 8.00- 7.00- 6.00- 5.00- 4.00- 3.00- 2.00- 1.00- HH VINDMYL Black out 2015-03-07 02:29:00 0.00 02:30:00 03:00:00 03:30:00 04:00:00 04:30:00 05:00:00 05:30:00 06:00:00 HH VINDMYLLULUND EFF 03-07 06:29:00 0.09 MW Exit 5/8/2018 Parametre Slet kurve Farve kopi Hvid baggrund 17 SEV#185/8/2018 Battery Energy Storage System 18 SEV#19Wind farm block diagram SAFT 2 Intensium Max 20P Energy Continuous 707 kWh 2 400 kW discharge power Continuous 1 500 kW charge power Nominal voltage Battery Containers 623 V Voltage range 525V - 700V MENERCON ENERGIE FÜR DIE WELT ENERCON E-Storage 2300 Apparent power 2300 KVA SMART Container Inverter AC Voltage LV: 400V MV: 20 kV DC Power DC Voltage Range 2 400 kW 345-705 V DC Current 3325 A 5/8/2018 Control Cabinet DC/DC Converters = ☑ Inverters. LV 20KV FCU Grid Connection Point 60/20kV w Ptotal (Farm Control Unit) Control L-EMS (Local Energy Management System) Substation 19 SEV#20Alb SAFT Intensium Max SafT An FREU 500003#21MW 12 Battery system in operation 10 10 8 6 Battery discharging 2 0 5/8/2018 Battery charging Time scale: 18 minutes (data from September 1. 2017) IBESS -Wind Farm -Stabilized output W 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 24 21 SEV MW#22Battery system in operation 5/8/2018 9.61 3.61 9.6 8.4- 2.4- 8.4 7.2 1.2- 7.2 6.0- 0.0- 6.0 4.8- -1.2- 4.8 3.6- -2.4- 3.6 2.4- -3.6- 2.4+ 12:06:00 16-03-2017 Wind [MW] 12:06:30 12:07:00 PBESS [MW] 12:07:30 12:08:00 12:08:30 P total [MW] = Pwind + P BESS 12:09:00 22 SEV#23Power [MW] 0 3 2 Fast frequency support from the BESS 7 Sudden drop of diesel unit 52 6 wwwmm 5 4 Drop of second diesel unit BESS reacts on due to f< frequency drop 1 Wind farm output "stable" -1 16:06:16,9 16:06:23,9 16:06:30,9 16:06:37,9 16:06:44,9 16:06:51,9 16:06:58,9 16:07:05,9 16:07:12,9 -Sundsverkið M2-P -Húsareyn HH-P —Húsareyn BATT-P 5/8/2018 16:07:19,9 51,5 51 49,5 50 50 50,5 Frequency [HZ] 49 48,5 48 16:07:26,9 16:07:33,9 ―Húsareyn 20kV 2-f 23 SEV#240 GWh 1 2 3 5 6 Utilisation of Húsahagi Wind Farm 4 69% 80% 68% OKT-14 5/8/2018 DEC-14 FEB-15 APR-15 JUN-15 97% 93% 86% 84% 83% 79% 79% AUG-15 OKT-15 DEC-15 AUG IS OKT 15 DECIES FEB 10 APR 10 Actual energy production [GWh] FEB-16 APR-16 Curtailment in 2015: 22% Curtailment in 2016: 12% Curtailment in 2017: 6,7% 96% 99% 98% 96% 98% 96% 91% 89% 90% 91% BESS 84% JUN-16 AUG-16 OCT-16 DEC-16 FEB-17 Potential energy production [GWh] APR-17 JUN-17 AUG-17 100% 90% EActual Utilisation: 80% Epotential 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% OKT-17 DEC-17 -Utilization [%] 24 24 FEB-18 APR-18 SEV#25. Business case for the BESS ⚫ Assumptions - - Increased wind utilisation is displacing oil production - Fuel oil cost: 0,09 €/kWh (not including other O&M costs) – Energy yield estimation, based on wind measurements: 40 GWh/year - - Cost of BESS (Batteries, ENERCON E-Storage, L-EMS): approximately 2 M€ Simple payback time is calculated to 4.5 years. Estimated lifetime of batteries is 20 years. SEV#26100by 2030 Thank you! Terji Nielsen Dipl. Ing. E.E. (hons) MBA Renewables [email protected] Special thanks to the contributors to the paper and presentation: David McMullin, ENERCON Bettina Lenz, ENERCON Daniel Gamboa, ENERCON Michael Lippert, Saft Batteries https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUa0QAT9KaM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUMR+9HSZAK SEV#27Power curve - ramping "hot spots" 1000 5/8/2018 P (kW) 900 1 800 Power = PAV³ 2 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 30 Vwind (m/s) Storm Control 35 40 27 SEV