Espirito Santo Oil & Natural Gas Yearbook 2021
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ESPÍRITO SANTO OIL & NATURAL GAS YEARBOOK | 2021
CHAPTER 1 | INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO
Chart 1 - Countries with the highest consumption of primary energy (in exajoules) - 2020
145.5
87.7
32.0
28.3
17.0
13.6
12.1
12.0
12.0
11.8
China
United
Índia
Russia Japan
Canada
Germany
Iran
Brazil
States
South
Korea
Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy | Prepared by: Ideies/Findes
Chart 2 Participation of fuels in the global energy matrix (in %)
0.7%
1.9%
6.7%
5.7%
6.4%
6.5%
5.1%
6.9%
4.3%
25.0%
29.9%
27.2%
21.9%
22.5%
24.7%
15
15
Renewable Energy
Hydroelectric
Nuclear Energy
Coal
As renewable sources
are still not available on
a large scale, the use of
natural gas becomes
strategic due to the
production, flow, treat-
ment and regasification
infrastructure already
installed. Natural gas is
less polluting than oil
and coal, contributing to
the decarbonization of
the energy sector.
Natural Gas
Petroleum
39.1%
34.1%
31.2%
2000
2010
2020
Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy | Prepared by: Ideies/Findes
To a lesser extent, fossil fuels grew
more timidly. In 2000, coal repre-
sented 25.0% of the total primary
energy consumed in the world,
and it rose to 27,2% in 2020. Chi-
na, India, and the United States
concentrated 72.0% of the total
coal consumed worldwide. China
and the United States reduced the
share of this input in the total en-
ergy consumption in each country,
while India increased the share of
coal in the total consumption of
primary energy. It is known that
coal is one of the most polluting
energy sources however, there
was no reduction in its consump-
tion during the period.
Natural gas, which represented
21.9% of the total primary energy
consumed in the world in 2000,
rose to 24.7% in 2020. Natural gas
consumption represents an alter-
native in the transition to less pol-
luting sources.
As renewable sources are still not
available on a large scale, the use
of natural gas becomes strategic
due to the production, flow, treat-
ment, and regasification infra-
structure already installed. More-
over, this source is less polluting
than oil and coal, contributing to
the decarbonization of the energy
sector. The United States, Russia
and China concentrated 41.9% of
the total consumption of natural
gas worldwide.
Finally, oil represented 39.1% of
primary energy consumption in
the world in 2000, decreasing to
31.2% in 2020. In 2020, the United
States, China. and India concen-
trated 41.5% of the total oil con-
sumed worldwide.
1.7% 24.7% 31.2%
was the average annual
growth in primary energy
consumption in the world
over the last twenty years
of the total primary en-
ergy consumed in the
world in 2020 came from
natural gas
of the total primary ener-
gy consumed in the world
in 2020 came from oil
1.2. Global production and
consumption of oil and natural gas
World oil production in 2020 was
88.4 million barrels a day, 6.9%
lower than in 2019 (chart 3). There
was a decrease of 6.6 million bar-
rels a day in production, compared
to the previous year, which caused
the greatest negative variation in
the supply of oil in the historical se-
ries that began in 1965. The drop
was caused by the retraction of
global economic activity caused,
mainly, by the outbreak of the new
Coronavirus pandemic.
2.3
million
In 2020, the division of oil produc-
tion between regions in the world
was: Middle East (31.3%), North
America (26.6%), Commonwealth
of Independent States (15.3%), Asia
(8.4%), Africa (7.8%), South Amer-
ica and Central (6.6%) and Europe
(4.0%). The top-producing countries
were the United States, Saudi Arabia
and Russia, which together account-
ed for 43.2% of global production.
Brazil was the 9th country with the
largest production of the input in the
world, with 3.0 million barrels a day.
barrels of oil per day
were consumed in Bra-
zil in 2020, which plac-
es the country in
8th position in the
global ranking
Division of oil
consumption in the world
Asia 38.0%
North
America
23.5%
Europe 14.5%
Middle East: 9.4%
South and Central America: 6.0%
Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS): 4.7%
Africa: 4.0%
1. Member States: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and UzbekistanView entire presentation