#1SDSU Extension 4 18 USC 707 H H 18 USC 707 I GUIDELINES PUBLIC PRESENTATION 4-H MEMBER#2CONTENTS How to do 4-H Public Presentations. What is a Presentation?. 1 Visuals 1 Check your Why Should You Give A Public Presentation? 1 visual before you use it. Posters and charts. Computer Generated Visuals. Getting Started So What Do You Talk About? 2 Text . 10 96660 2 Learn More About Your Subject. Develop A Plan. .2 How to Use Color 11 2 Color Combinations for posters and slides.. 11 What color means in the background!. 11 Types of Presentations 1. Demonstrations 2. Illustrated Talks 3 Backgrounds and Templates 11 3 Graphics.. 12 3 Sound 12 3. Project 'Whys' 4. Public Speaking. 34 Transitions and Animations Practice and Judge 12 Team Demonstrations, Illustrated Talks, or Project Whys? . 4 Practice for Confidence and Poise. How Well Did You Do? . ωωω Presentation Parts. 5 Outline Of A Presentation 5 Be A Star Presenter.. 14 The Title... .5 South Dakota 4-H Public Presentation Guidelines. . 15 The Introduction. 5 Demonstration & Illustrated Talk 17 Body. 6 Demonstration and Illustrated Talk. 6 Public Speaking. 18 Project 'Why'.. Project Why. 19 Public Speaking 6 References. 20 Summary or Conclusion 6 Appearance Tips for Setting Up Showmanship - Mechanics of Presenting.. Eye Contact 7 7 7 .7 Body Language/Posture/Movement Voice Gestures 7 7 8 COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chairman Bradley Keizer, 4-H Youth Program Advisor Assistant - Carrie Regehr Weller, 4-H Youth Program Advisor Megan Peterson, 4-H Youth Program Advisor Becca Tullar, 4-H Youth Program Advisor Mike Frey, Volunteer Advisor - Karelyn Farrand, 4-H Youth Character Education Field Specialist#3iGrow A Service of SDSU Extension 2014 SOUTH DAKOTA 4-H How to do 4-H Public Presentations WHAT IS A PRESENTATION? By definition a presentation is an activity in which someone shows, describes, or explains something to a group of people. A presentation is a way for you to share and teach information you have learned that will be useful to others. Any time you learn something and show and tell it to another person, you are giving a presentation. Speaking face-to-face is one of the oldest forms of communication, and still the most effective. The lis- tener hears your words, but more than that, they watch your face and your hands. They catch your enthu- siasm, or your concern. It is a warm, personal way of communicating. No matter what 4-H project you are enrolled in, you can give a presentation. Every 4-H member should give at least one presentation per year. Giving presentations is an important part of a member's 4-H expe- rience. WHY SHOULD YOU GIVE A PUBLIC PRESENTATION? For the rest of your life you will be communicating. No matter if it is at home, school or work you will need to know how to persuade others to gain their support, how to explain things or ask for something. The speaking skills you gain through 4-H Public Presentations will have longer-lasting benefits than any other project you enroll in. By giving 4-H Public Presentations you will gain many skills that will help you later in life. You will gain a positive stage presence whether you are speaking to an individual or an audience. Hav- ing the ability to organize your thoughts and information and present it will allow you to become a valuable leader to others. The speaking skills you gain in 4-H will help you to better com- municate with your friends and family. Those same skills will benefit you in job interviews and in your future career. When professionals are surveyed as to what skills are needed to succeed, public speaking ranks at the top of their list. Unfortu- nately, public speaking ranks as a top fear for many people. Giv- ing public presentations in 4-H can be learned by most people and with practice it will become easier with each presentation. Plus, you will gain confidence which will make you feel more at ease in presenting. Public presentations add variety, spark, interest and enthusiasm to the 4-H program. It is a fun way to learn new knowledge and share it with others. When 4-H members do the work to prepare a presentation for others, they will be more likely to remember the information and other members often listen and learn more from other youth. MARKETABLE LIFE SKILLS How to speak before an audience with poise, capability and self- confidence. How to find and research a subject and supplies with initiative and motivation. How to plan and organize information and thoughts in a logical manner. How to prepare original visuals and use them to support what you say. How to express yourself clearly, convincingly and creatively. How to teach and show others what you have learned. How to select an appropriate delivery method and use appropriate delivery techniques. How to listen to the opinions of others and accept feedback. How to manage your time How to manage stress Page 1#4GETTING STARTED Start with something simple...among friends at a 4-H Club meeting. You'll have their interest and support, and the butterflies won't be fluttering in your stomach as much. Not all public presentations can be done in the living room or kitchen. Your club may want to meet in a school, com- munity center, bank basement, or get out into the barn, garage, or garden. A demonstration on how to plant a tree is not recommended for the living room. When members have sufficient experience, encourage them to give presentations at public gatherings such as service club meetings and county public presentation days. • • • . • WHEN SELECTING YOUR SUBJECT, ASK YOURSELF IS IT: Something you like to do? Something you have learned to do or about 4-H? One single idea or theme? Something others would like to know about? Timely and seasonal? Something interesting, worthwhile and has eco- nomic or practical importance to you and or your audience? Something you can do in a limited time? A topic of interest which you already have some knowledge and would like to know more about.? A subject suitable to your age, experience, and surroundings? All 4-H members should give at least one demonstration, illustrated talk, project why or public speech each year. You will learn more when you do a presentation than the members who watch. It need not always be a solo performance. Some members may prefer to team up with a friend, rather than go it alone. Working with a team member is a different experience than working alone. It is okay if a beginner or younger 4-H member wants to be assisted by an older brother or sister or a junior leader. SO WHAT DO YOU TALK ABOUT? Your first step is to select a subject or topic. Usually you'll do best if you choose a subject from your own experi- ences. Determine the purpose of your presentation. Is it to inform, or do you want to create action? If you know who your audience will be, consider them. LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR SUBJECT Find out all you can about your subject. There is no sub- stitute for being well informed. Take notes as you read and study. A "computer idea file" becomes the catchall storage location for topics and subject information. This file can be used at a later time to look up information. Remember: All your statements must be accurate. You need to know more information than you tell. DEVELOP A PLAN Planning helps you to: . • organize your ideas manage your time be prepared eliminate being rushed and stressed. Ask yourself how much time will I need to: Research more information? • Write my presentation and make my visuals? Collect the equipment for my presentation? Practice and be prepared to present at my very best? • Sources of subject information vary according to the presentation: ⚫4-H project literature library sources ⚫local resource people • Extension Fact Sheets & Bulletins • current magazines, newspapers & books tours and trips ⚫ school textbooks • commercial material Page 2#5TYPES OF PRESENTATIONS Once you've chosen your subject, it will be easier for you to decide what kind of presentation you'll want to plan. Review the differences in the four public presentations and select the best one for your purpose and subject. There are many types of public presentations, in South Dakota 4-H, we use four types: 1. 2. Demonstrations Illustrated Talks 3. Project "Whys" 4. Public Speaking They are all different, and you should try each to see which one you're most comfortable with. 1. DEMONSTRATIONS • A demonstration is doing and showing how. As you show how, you tell what you are doing. . • In a demonstration, you make or do something step by step. There is always a finished product, or a task is completed. Show the finished product in the summary. Actual products, materials, garments, machines, plants, animals, etc. are used. Personal, family, or club experiences may be used. In a successful demonstration the audience leaves knowing how to do what you demonstrated and often times will want to do it themselves. • It is true and accurate. • You learn by doing. The audience learns by watching and listening. • A demonstration may be an individual or team effort. 2. ILLUSTRATED TALKS • • • • • · An illustrated talk is telling how by using visuals. You may use computer generated charts, flip charts, posters, pictures, models, cut outs, slides, flannel board, chalkboards, and real objects. There is not a finished product. Personal, family, or club experiences may be used. The key to an illustrated talk is you learn by telling. The audience learns by watching and listening. It is true and accurate. An illustrated talk may be an individual or team effort. Remember that an illustrated talk is the same as a demonstration except that: - You are not actually making something. You have no real finished product. Your visuals show what you are explaining. 3. PROJECT 'WHYS' • . A project why is an informative presentation that teaches about the why as well as the use of something. A project why encourages, excites, and motivates further study of a specific subject. It stimulates the curious mind. Project Why's encourage 4-H members to find out for themselves by asking questions, seeking answers, making observations, experimenting, testing, making comparisons, collecting and identi- fying facts, organizing and recording knowledge, and then telling others about the facts. Page 3#6• • • • • A project why may use flip charts, posters, pic- tures, slides or actual experiments to explain why. This presentation will be set up in a location where you will need to be able to stop a moving audience that is walking by your Project Why Pre- sentation. Personal, family, or club experiences may be used. The key is to find out why something is or is not true and to tell others about the fact. It is true and accurate. You learn by doing. The audience learns by watch- ing, asking, and listening. A project why may be an individual or team effort. If presenting a Team Project "Why"- evidence must be provided that both presenters conducted the Project "Why" research. TEAM PRESENTATIONS Demonstrations, Illustrated Talks and Project 'Whys' Team is 2 people Sometimes two can give these presentations better than one, especially if four hands are needed or when it is difficult to work and talk at the same time. Team presentations require careful planning and more practice. Teamwork teaches cooperation. In a team presentation, divide it so both of you will have about the same amount to do. Make the divisions where it would be natural to shift from one process or idea to another. When you are showing how, you will be the one telling about it. While your teammate is showing how, you will serve as his/her silent helper. Remember that a project why is basically the same as a demonstration or an illustrated talk, ex- cept that: - You are showing why. - You are not following a step-by-step method or showing a finished product. 4. PUBLIC SPEAKING . Public speaking is talking. • Public speaking is telling about your experiences or what you have learned. • • • • • In public speaking, it is what you say and how you say it that informs the audience and communi- cates your ideas to them. Public speaking is good when you want to tell facts, ideas, or give infor- mation. Public speaking is more formal than other public presentations. Examples of a public speaking pre- sentation: government official speech, a sermon, a lecture. Public speaking may not use visual materials. Personal, family, or club experiences may be used. The most effective speech is the one that presents most clearly and impressively what the speak- er has in mind. It is true and accurate. You learn by doing. The audience learns by listening. Public speaking is an individual effort. Remember that Public speaking is basically the same as a demonstration, an illustrated talk, or a project why, except that: - - It is just telling. It requires careful planning and effective delivery with facial expressions and gestures, voice variation in your pitch, volume, speed and inflections as well as proper English. So, which method do you use? What are you trying to tell? What's your main purpose? Whether you wish to show, explain, tell or do a combination of these will determine whether you use a demonstration, illus- trated talk, project why or do public speaking. Page 4#7PRESENTATION PARTS Demonstrations, Illustrated Talks, Project "Whys" and Public Speaking require similar preparations. They are composed of three parts: the introduction, the body and the summary. The Introduction should be 10- 15% of your speaking time, the body 75% and the conclusion 10%. In other words, the Introduction you tell them what you will tell them; the Body you tell them; and in the conclusion you tell them what you have told them. OUTLINE OF A PRESENTATION 1. Introduction • • Catch Personal Introduction Brief outline of main points 2. Body • Point A • Point B • Point C 3. Summary/Conclusion Summarize Main Points • Give Sources of Information • Ask for Questions (Do not ask for questions in Public Speaking.) THE TITLE Every presentation needs a good title. The title is your first chance to catch the attention of the audience. Be dramatic. Good titles are short, descriptive and intriguing. They suggest the subject without telling the whole story. For example, if you are going to do a demonstration on eye makeup, you might choose the title The Eyes Have It as opposed to Applying Eye Makeup. Don't be concerned about coming up with the title first. It may be the last part of the presentation you decide. It will come! THE INTRODUCTION Your second chance to catch the attention of the audience and to set the tone of your presentation is in your introduction. Be creative, original and interesting, and use only 1-2 minutes. There are many ways to capture the audience's attention, here are a few suggestions: • Ask a question. (This is the easiest but probably the least creative choice.) • Share a fascinating fact or startling statistic. • Quote someone. Share a personal story. . Show a completed product. • Show an unusual object. • Wear a mask or a costume. • Sing, dance, or do a skit. (Be sure it doesn't last too long and don't be silly.) · Enter in an unusual way such as popping up from behind the table. Demonstrate an action without speaking. Be sure your introduction leads into the body of the presentation in such a way that the audience will want Page 5#8to listen. Tell the audience what you plan to do, why you chose the subject, why it is important and what you hope your audience will learn from your presentation. It is always good to incorporate your title into the introduction. Before or after your attention getter you will need to introduce yourself. Include your name, age, your club and how many years you've been in 4-H. If someone introduces you, it isn't necessary to repeat your name and facts about yourself. In a team presentation each presenter can introduce themselves. BODY The body is the main part of your presentation. This is where you explain your topic and present all of your information. How you organize the body is very important because the audience needs to be able to fol- low what you are saying and/or doing. DEMONSTRATION AND ILLUSTRATED TALK • Make notes in your own words using key words or phrases. Do not write down everything you will say. • Outline what you will do and say in the presentation. Arrange information in a logical order. • Select equipment, materials or visuals. •Prepare posters or charts. Make them easy to read, understand and attractive. Think through what you will say - explain what, how and why of each step. PROJECT 'WHY' Make notes in your own words using key words or phrases. Do not write down everything you will say. Outline what you will show and explain why arrange facts, their application and then why in a logical order. - • Select or prepare charts, visuals or experiments make them show the 'why' of your information. Think through what you will say - explain facts and why. • You may not be able to start with an introduction. Your audience may ask a question about what they see then, start by answering their question. Your audience may only give you a glance and go on by. In this case, you will need to be prepared with an introduction that will stop them by asking a question, giving a fact or statement. Once you have their attention then you may share the rest of your information. PUBLIC SPEAKING • Make notes in your own words using key words or phrases. Do not write down everything you will say. • Outline the 3-4 main points in a logical order. Decide how you can use hand gestures, facial expressions and voice variations to strengthen your talk. SUMMARY OR CONCLUSION This is your last chance to summarize the main points. Emphasize what you want your audience to know or do. Be brief and to the point. Do not introduce new material in the summary. Try to tie the summary back to your introduction or title. Attractively display the finished product or completed task. Then, share your sources for your presentation. In a demonstration or illustrated talk, ask for questions. Some may not have understood everything you said or would like to know more about your subject. you cannot answer a question, admit it! Do not bluff! Offer to find the information or give a resource that would have the answer. Indicate to the audience that you are through with a challenge, or a statement about your subject. Page 6#9SHOWMANSHIP - MECHANICS OF PRESENTING APPEARANCE • • Remember how you look is the audiences' first im- pression of your presentation. Your clothes should be neat, clean, well pressed and attractive. Appropri- ate dress will depend upon the subject. Avoid things that attract attention (do not chew gum). Avoid fads. There should be no writing on your clothes unless it applies to your presentation. Be sure your hands and fingernails are clean and well kept. Keep jewelry to a minimum. Use light makeup. Keep hair off your face. For food presentations tie hair back or cover with a scarf, hairnet or cap. Start with a smile and a pleasant expression; they go a long way in getting the attention of your audience. EYE CONTACT . Look your audience in the eye. Look at your audi- ence 75-80 percent of the time. Eye contact is important because it invites the audi- ence into your presentation. BODY LANGUAGE/POSTURE/MOVEMENT • Stand tall, on both feet. • Keep your hands at your sides when you are not making something or gesturing. Avoid turning your back to the audience or shifting and swaying. Do not lean on the table or podium this gives the impression you are tired or don't care about your presentation. VOICE . Talk in a conversational voice to the audience. • Project your voice so the whole room can hear you. • TIPS FOR SETTING UP Check your outline for necessary supplies and equipment. Use only the equipment that is necessary and practical for your presentation. Arrange the equipment and supplies in the most convenient manner. The center of the table should be left free for the "doing" part. Trays provide a natural way to group materials and keep the table neat. Put all supplies and equipment needed on a tray to your right, once it is used place it on the empty tray to your left. Towels may be used to cover trays. • List equipment and supplies on a small card and place with that tray. Double check list to be sure you have all equipment and supplies. • Place extra equipment on a second table away from the demonstration table. . Develop skill in the use of the equipment. Have the equipment in good condition. See if electrical equipment works before you begin. In the interest of safe practices, bring ingredients or supplies in their original containers or product packaging, whenever possible. There may be a few examples when this is not practical, such as flour. Label contents stored in glass or clear plastic container to use for the supplies. In general, do not promote or endorse product or brand name that is used in the presentation. However, product or brand name comparisons can be used for educational purposes when referencing consumer issues. To help people to see; you may use: a slanted surface, table with raised back legs or a slanted mirror overhead, or use clear bowls and containers. • A paper sack taped to the table is good for waste disposal. • Keep a towel or sponge handy to use for spills, wiping hands or cleaning the table when you have finished. Use standard measurements, cups, spoons, etc. Measure accurately. If you do not have time to do all of the steps in your presentation, you may save time by measuring some ingredients in advance. Give clear and correct explanations of the steps you did not show the audience. Page 7#10Slow down, inexperienced and nervous speakers tend to talk too fast. An experienced speaker will vary the rate at which they speak. Be sure to emphasize certain words that are important. Learn to enunciate your words clearly. Use your own words in describing your steps. If you memorize your information or use someone else's words, it will sound less convincing. Use complete sentences with correct grammar and the proper choice of words to make the meaning clear. Often a nervous or unprepared speaker uses terms like "um," "ah," or "you know." Replace those with a pause of silence take a breath and begin again. Practice using a microphone. If a microphone is available use it for the ease of the audience to hear you. GESTURES • . • • Gestures should reinforce what you are saying and should be a natural expression of your thoughts. When you begin a new section of your speech, step forward or to the side. Don't pace, but change positions. Use the whole body to emphasize your points - a raised finger to call attention, a shrug to show in- difference, a fist to emphasize strong feeling. The face is very important for gesturing. Use your smile, your eyes, and your eyebrows to convey the thought. Be natural, be at ease, be happy, and be sure to smile. Page 8#11VISUALS CHECK YOUR VISUAL BEFORE YOU USE IT. 1. Visibility - Is it easy to see and read from where participants sit? 2. Simple Is the message easy to understand? 3. Interest - Does it attract and hold attention or is it cluttered with too many words or pictures? 4. Useful - Are the letters, words, pictures, etc. suitable for the subject and audience? 5. Structure - Are the ideas grouped in sequential order? 6. Information - Is it factual and is the data current? POSTERS AND CHARTS • COMPUTER GENERATED VISUALS There are several key elements that can be a part of any computer generated visual. You will have many options for text, color, background, graphics, transitions, animations or sounds. How you use these elements will make the difference between an effective presentation and one that's distracting and hard to understand. As much fun as it is to try all of these elements using too many in one presentation can be distracting. Well-prepared and skillfully used posters and charts help the audience understand more completely, learn faster, and remember longer. • When using posters and charts remember to: keep them simple - make them readable place them where they are easily seen • select visuals carefully to fit the presentation. Use charts and posters only if they "add to" the presentation "and make it" more effective. Use charts to: serve as a guide to the member - add interest to the title, topic and ideas presented focus and hold the audience's attention emphasize key points clarify a complicated process or procedure show comparisons summarize main thoughts. introduce a subject Present the main points give instructions Number the backs of posters for easy identification and placing them in order. For ease of changing posters, put posters in reverse order on the easel. Move posters from the back to the front. For ex- ample, arrange posters: Title poster, Poster 6, Poster 5 and so on. When you are finished with your title poster move Poster one from the back of the posters to place on top of the Title Poster. Skill in using charts must be developed. When pointing out something use the hand closest to the poster or chart. Show visual only when you are talking about that idea. When using flannel graphs, flash cards, slides, pictures, drawings, chalkboards, models, etc., be sure they are neat, clean, in good condition, and can be clearly seen. You do not have to be an artist to have neat, readable charts and posters. Charts should be eye catching but not elaborate, and limited to one idea. Page 9#12- - Some guidelines to use when making charts and posters: Charts and posters should be large enough to be seen at 30 feet. Use letters in size from 1 inch to 3 inches high. Use a combination of capital and lower case letters. Use simple solid block-type letters. Use bold or heavy lined letters in preference to the thin, light or short, squatty letters. To emphasize a word, vary style of letter. Use color to emphasize words. Allow a margin on top and sides and slightly more on the bottom. Do not mix letters of various colors within words. They are difficult to read. TEXT Any writing you put on computer slides in your presentation is called text. Using a computer gives you many options to how much text you have, the color of the text, the fonts and sizes of text. Below are tips to remember about the text in your presentation. • Use the 6 X 6 rule -This rule states that you should have no more than six lines on a slide and no more than six words each line. Using this rule prevents you from putting too much information on the slide. A common mistake is typing everything you want to say. This takes attention off you be- cause the audience reads the information themselves and stops listening to you. And, since people read at a different speed than they listen this can become very distracting. Use easy-to-read fonts - While there are lots of different fonts you could use, stick to basic fonts like Arial and Times New Roman. Basic fonts are easier to read and can be found on most comput- ers. This is important if you plan to copy your presentation onto a CD or portable drive for use in another computer. If the second computer does not have the fonts you used in making your presen- tation, it will replace it with a font that is similar. This similar font might totally change the spacing of text on lines. Using basic, simple fonts can help prevent this from happening. • Limit font types and sizes - Try not to use more than two types and sizes of fonts in a presenta- tion. For instance, one font might be used for the titles and another the rest of the text in your slides. The size of the fonts in your presentation should be consistent throughout. That means all titles on each slide should be the same size and the body of the slide text should be the same size. The recommended minimum sizes for text are: о Slide title text - 44 points о Body of slide text - 28 points о Common fonts are Arial and Times New Roman Slide Title Slide Title Body of slide text Body of slide text Arial Times New Roman • Case size AVOID ALL CAPS- TEXT IN ALL CAPITAL LETTERS ARE HARDER TO READ than case that has both upper and lower letters. • Use bold for emphasis. Use it sparingly, for headlines or a word here and there. Page 10#13HOW TO USE COLOR The color used in posters, charts and computer generated slides creates a mood or feeling for your pre- sentation. Color attracts attention and can be used for highlighting items you want to emphasize. Using different colors helps you compare several different items. The colors allow the audience to easily see dif- ferences in the items. Understanding how a color relates to other colors is important. For instance, a bright yellow with other bright primary colors will not stand out, but put it with a darker color and it will. You will need to remem- ber warm colors stand out (advance) and cool colors look farther away (recede). • Keep the colors simple - Use a basic set of colors - one or two vivid colors and then the tints and shades (lighter and darker versions) of the color. • Use Color contrast - For example light colored text on a dark background or vice versa. Colors with little contrast will blend together and be hard for the audi- ence to read. Also, remember that some of your au- dience may be color blind, so be careful how you use reds and greens. If you are using those two colors to compare items for instance in a graph a color blind person may not be able to see the difference in the two colors. COLOR COMBINATIONS FOR POSTERS AND SLIDES. Color combinations listed in order of legibility: Black on yellow Green on white Red on white Blue on white COMPUTER BACKGROUNDS AND TEMPLATES For your presentation there are usually many different template designs or color schemes for you to select from on your computer. Some templates have a design border while a background is a solid color. Another option is to design a border for your presentation. Here are some tips on choosing backgrounds or templates. • Select backgrounds to enhance presentation - Find a background or template that will evoke the mood or feeling you want to have for your presenta- tion. A presentation showing how to make a Thanks- giving turkey craft will look good with a background with fall colors and leaves. Avoid clutter - Many templates have a border or image incorporated in the design. Consider this when choosing a template. If you are adding many pictures or illustrations to your presentation, the template design may distract from them. It may be better to choose a solid color background. White on blue Black on white Yellow on black White on red White on green White on black Red on yellow Green on red WHAT COLOR MEANS IN THE BACKGROUND gray neutral, reporting - use for presentation with no emotional sway blue = calm, conservative, loyal, reduces pulse and blood pressure use to present unfavorable information = green analytical, precise, resistance to change use to encourage interaction, or want to be opinionated, assertive red vitality, urge to achieve results, impulse, raises our spirits use when want to motivate yellow bright, cheerful, may be too much light violet mystic union, unimportant and unrealistic, irresponsible and immature, humor, charm, delight brown = decreased sense of vitality, projects dullness = = black negation of emotions; surrender, power, to discourage argument Page 11#14GRAPHICS Graphics are the photos, illustrations, or clip art you add to your presentation. Graphics can be used to support your point or to add some humor to your presentation. When using graphics, remember the fol- lowing: • . Be consistent - It is a good idea to stick with similar types of graphics. If you are using clipart, try not to combine a simple line drawing with a very intricate illustration. Use graphics to make the message clearer - If you are adding a graphic just because you can, skip the graphic. It needs to support what you are trying to say. Be sure text contrasts with background – If you chose a template or background color scheme, the text colors may already provide enough contrast. However, you may choose to make the title and text bold, change the size, or even choose a font that you think contrasts more with the template or background. SOUND Sounds tend to distract from you. Since you want the audience to be listening to what you are saying, it is better just to avoid using sounds. TRANSITIONS AND ANIMATIONS There are many ways slides, text and graphics can come onto the screen. Transitions are how each slide comes onto the screen. Animations are how the text and graphics come onto and leave the screen. Tips for transitions and animations: • Best slide transition - is the one that the audience does not even know happened. • Be consistent - Use the same type of transitions throughout the presentation. Also, be consistent on how the text comes onto the slide. • Make them simple - It is a good idea to use basic animations such as: 0 Wipes о Fades • Make them natural . - An animation that feels natural will keep the audience listening to you rather than trying to figure out where the next set of words will come from. Natural animations are: о Drop from above Appear from left Use for emphasis - If you really want to emphasize a point, this is when it is appropriate to add a fancy animation. Page 12#15PRACTICE AND JUDGE PRACTICE FOR CONFIDENCE AND POISE That's all you have left to do - practice. Follow your outline. Do not memorize. Use your own words. If you use notes, have key words or phrases on a card, for quick glance to keep you on your way. If you use cards write only on one side and number them for ease of organizing them. Keep the information in logical order. Synchronize action and explanation. Check to see if everything is blending together smoothly. By practicing you will develop your skill and will be able to stay within the time limit. Ask your family or 4-H leader to watch you. Have them ask you questions and make sugges- tions. Practice in front of a mirror. See how you react to watching yourself. Ask yourself, "Would I stay for this?" Practice gives you confidence. Remember, you can help the audience react favorably to your presentation if you are enthusiastic when you present it. Having enthusiasm will help convince the audience they want to make what you are making or try your idea. Also, don't let the misuse of a word or the slip of a piece of equipment upset you. Goofs happen go right on with your presentation. Members should practice using the judge's scorecard and then discuss the points with an adult. It is good self-analysis. Members may also practice with each other using the judge's scorecard. By practicing with each other, you see what others can do. HOW WELL DID YOU DO? After the presentation be your own judge, ask yourself: Was my audience interested? • Did I feel at ease? • Did I enjoy giving the presentation? Did I know my information well enough? The next time you give a presentation, choose a more advanced subject to test your skill and gain greater confidence in yourself. Page 13#16BE A STAR PRESENTER Participating in Public Presentations provides you the opportunity to master the skill of presenting informa- tion to another person or audience. Multiple presentation skills will be developed by each different presen- tation you choose to present. By presenting a minimum of one presentation per year you will sharpen and advance your skills. You will gain life skills that will help you: • Speak before an audience with poise, capability and self-confidence. . Find and research a subject and supplies with initiative and motivation. • Plan and organize information and thoughts in a logical manner and present it creatively. • Prepare original visuals and use them to support what you say. • Express yourself clearly and convincingly. • Teach and show others what you have learned. • Select an appropriate delivery method and use appropriate delivery techniques. Listen to the opinions of others and accept feedback. Manage your time Manage stress Tell other people of what they have learned in 4-H. Gain knowledge about the presentation topic. RIBBON SYSTEM-LEVEL OF MASTERY The Ribbon System is designed to help you recognize the Level of Mastery you have accomplished. Purple Designates superior work - presentation is clearly superior in attracting attention and arousing interest, conveys message, design, originality and workmanship. • Blue Designates excellent work - presentation meets standards in all major aspects. - • Red Designates average work – presentation lacks one or more qualities. • White Designates needs improvement - presentation clearly lacks several qualities. Everyone who gives a presentation is a winner. Page 14#17• • • . SOUTH DAKOTA 4-H PUBLIC PRESENTATION GUIDELINES The 4-H Public Presentation Publication Resource can be located at (http://igrow.org/up/resources/01-4000-2014.pdf) Youth should not promote any particular product or brand name during their presentation. Ingredients or supplies should be from original containers or packaging. When this isn't practical (e.g., flour), participants should place the product in labeled clear plastic container. Presentations may have been prepared during the 4-H year and given previously in school, during extracurricular activities or to service organizations; however, youth must alter the presentation to in- clude and relate it to their 4-H projects and/or their 4-H experiences. In their delivery: о 4-H members must use the word "4-H" and state the specific 4-H project or program. о о 4-H members must state how their content teaches the listener or audience about a specific 4-H project(s) or program. EXAMPLES: "I am enrolled in the 4-H Beef Project. Today I will tell you what I learned about proper nutrition for my market steer through my 4-H project work." "Today my illustrated talk on Nutrition Fact or Fiction falls under the Foods and Nutrition Project and the Health Project. I will be sharing with you what I have learned from both of these 4-H Project areas on how good nutrition leads to a healthy life." 4-H Public Presentations are all timed events. In the case the presentation is under the minimum or over the maximum time requirement 3 points will be deducted from the participants score. PRESENTATION TYPES AND CRITERIA Demonstration - Maximum Length: 25 minutes - Individual or Team Presented before an audience, a demonstration is an accurate step-by-step process of actions and expla- nations that results in a finished product. Individuals or teams use actual products, material, garments, machines, plants, animals, etc., and may also share personal, family or club experiences. Demonstrations may include charts, illustrations, posters, and other types of visual aids. Illustrated Talk - Maximum Length, 25 minutes - Individual or Team Presented before an audience, an illustrated talk is original, true and accurate information showing how something is accomplished using a combination of speaking about and showing one or more visual aids (e.g., Power Points, charts, pictures, slides, models, miniatures or real objects, flannel board, flip charts, chalkboard, drawings, and cutouts). Personal, family or club experiences may be used. In the Illustrated Talk, there is no finished product; rather, an explanation of results that is illustrated with visuals. Project "Why" - Repeats Several Times during a One Hour Period - Individual or Team This type of presentation teaches the "why" as well as how to "use" a specific topic (it is not neces- sarily science-related). For the purpose of gaining knowledge and understanding and through the use of sound research, facts, principles, and experiments, this presentation type informs others of the "why." It should encourage, excite and motivate curious minds to study the topic further. 4-H members prepare a 3 x 3-foot exhibit to use for accurately explaining a true "why" principle. Participants must furnish all Page 15#18equipment (a table will be provided) and stay with the exhibit for a one hour period to engage and present information to the public and answering questions at predetermined location. If presenting a Team Project "Why"-evidence must be provided that both presenters conducted the Project "Why" research. Public Speaking - Min Length: 3 minutes & Max Length: 6 minutes -Individual In public speaking, a 4-H member chooses a subject or topic which relates to an aspect of 4-H (project, program, promotion, etc.). Public Speaking is telling about your experiences or what you learned about the topic to others. Public Speaking may not use visual aids. Participants may use brief notes, if desired. Page 16#19CRITERIA Introduction - 10 Points - Captures audience attention & tells audience what you are going to tell them - Introduce yourself: include name, age, club, years in 4-H Body 35 Points Organization of materials & talk - Content quality/facts/sound research & methods, terms - Accurate and complete information - Usefulness of information Coordination of speaking and showing - Use of words, voice, gestures & movement Originality Visuals - including Power Point - 15 Points - Visible and/or readable - Interest - Emphasize main points - Appropriately constructed Suitable Accomplishment - 10 Points - Desired results discussed or demonstrated - Finished product shown or task completed Summary 10 Points - Main points emphasized, Definite closing - Ability to answer questions Stage Presence - 10 Points - Contestant's enthusiasm and poise - Suitable attire, appearance, and posture Relates to 4-H Program and/or Project - 10 Points - Stated the word 4-H and stated the specific project or program - Stated how content teaches the listener or audience about the specific project or program Length of Presentation: Start Minimum time - Beg. 3 min.; Jr. 5 min.; Sr. 7 min. Maximum time limit: 25 minutes (If under or over time deduct 3 points) Comments: 1 2 3 4 5555555 4444444 3333333 2222222 55 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 100 Title SDSU Extension Name Name County PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS ID ID Demonstration Age Division Age Division Individual Individual SAMPLE Judge's Signature Judge's Signature Purple (100-90) South Dakota State University, South Dakota counties, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. South Dakota State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for race, color, creed, religion, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or Vietnam Era veteran status. Publication: 01-4003-2016 Updated: February 2016. Circle Appropriate Ribbon Placing Blue Red White (89-80) (79-70) (69 & below) Points Possible Comments Page 17#20Judge's Signature CRITERIA Introduction - 10 Points - Captures audience attention & tells audience what you are going to tell them. - Introduce yourself: include name, age, club, years in 4-H Body 35 Points Organization of materials & talk - Content quality/facts/sound research & methods, terms - Accurate and complete information - Usefulness of information Coordination of speaking and showing - Use of words, voice, gestures & movement Originality Visuals - including Power Point - 15 Points - Visible and/or readable - Interest - Emphasize main points - Appropriately constructed - Suitable Summary 10 Points - Main points emphasized, Definite closing - Ability to answer questions Stage Presence - 10 Points - Contestant's enthusiasm and poise - Suitable attire, appearance, and posture Relates to 4-H Program and/or Project - 10 Points - Stated the word 4-H and stated the specific project or program - Stated how content teaches the listener or audience about the specific project or program Length of Presentation: Start Minimum time - Beg. 3 min.; Jr. 5 min.; Sr. 7 min. Maximum time limit: 25 minutes (If under or over time deduct 3 points) Comments: 1 2 3 4 4444444 3 4 5 100 Title SDSU Extension Name Name County PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS ID ID Illustrated Talk Age Division Age Division Individual Individual SAMPLE Judge's Signature Circle Appropriate Ribbon Placing Purple (100-90) Blue Red White (89-80) (79-70) (69 & below) South Dakota State University, South Dakota counties, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. South Dakota State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for race, color, creed, religion, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or Vietnam Era veteran status. Publication: 01-4004-2016 Updated: February 2016 Points Possible Comments Page 18#21Judge's Signature Scheduled for 1 hour. Additional Comments: Ability to Stop Moving Audience - 20 Points - Captures and holds audience attention, originality - Introduce yourself: include your name, age, club, years in 4-H and tells audience what you are going to tell them Ability to answer audience's questions Organization - 30 Points - Content quality & facts: sound research & methods -True, accurate and complete information - Usefulness of information "Why" is explained - Coordination of speaking and showing, Use of words, voice Visuals - including Power Point - 30 Points Organization of visuals & presentation - Visible and/or readable - Attracts attention Conveys message - Reinforce "Why" - Appropriately constructed Stage Presence 10 Points - Contestant's enthusiasm and poise - Suitable attire, appearance, and posture Relates to 4-H Program and/or Project - 10 Points - Stated the word 4-H and stated the specific project or program Stated how content teaches the listener or audience about the specific project or program 1 2 3 4 5 CRITERIA Title SDSU Extension Name Name County PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS ID ID Project Why Age Division Age Division Individual Individual SAMPLE Judge's Signature Circle Appropriate Ribbon Placing Purple (100-90) South Dakota State University, South Dakota counties, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. South Dakota State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for race, color, creed, religion, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or Vietnam Era veteran status. Publication: 01-4005-2016 Updated: February 2016 Blue (89-80) Red (79-70) White (69 & below) Points Possible Comments Page 19#22Judge's Signature Additional Comments: - Originality Organization - Content quality & facts: sound research & methods, true, complete and useful information Use of words Summary - 10 Points - Main points emphasized - Definite closing Showmanship -Mechanics of Presenting – 40 Points - Use of Voice - Eye Contact - Facial Expressions Use of gestures - Body Movement - Timing Style - Posture Stage Presence - 10 Points Contestant's enthusiasm, and poise - Suitable attire and appearance Relates to 4-H Program and/or Project - 10 Points - Stated the word 4-H and stated the specific project or program - Stated how content teaches the listener or audience about the specific project or program Presentation Length: Minimum 3 Minutes - Maximum 6 Minutes Start time Finish Time (If under or over time - deduct 3 points) Composition - 40 Points Introduction - 10 Points Captures audience attention and tells audience what you are going to tell them 1 2 3 - Introduce yourself: include name, age, club, years in 4-H Body 20 Points 1 2 3 CRITERIA Title SDSU Extension Name Name County PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS Public Speaking ID ID Age Division_ Age Division SAMPLE Judge's Signature Circle Appropriate Ribbon Placing Blue Red White (89-80) (79-70) (69 & below) Purple (100-90) South Dakota State University, South Dakota counties, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. South Dakota State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for race, color, creed, religion, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or Vietnam Era veteran status. Publication: 01-4006-2016 Updated: February 2016 TOTAL 100 45 4 5 44444444 33333333 22222222 Points Possible Comments Page 20#23REFERENCES • 4-H Presentation Manual, University of California, 4-H Youth Development Program, 2005. • • • . Speak up with Confidence -Tips on Presenting in Nine Key Areas, University of Idaho Extension, 2012. Public Presentation Curriculum For use with 4-H Program Clubs, Workshops or other Educational Set- tings, Nebraska Extension, 4-H Youth Program. 4-H Member Guide: How to Make a 4-H Public Presentation, Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 2010. North Carolina 4-H Presentation Handbook, North Carolina State University, A&T State University Co- operative Extension, 2007. A Primer on Presentations, Oregon State University, Extension Service, 4-H Youth Development, 2009. • 4-H Public Presentation Guide, AgriLife Extension, Texas A & M System, 2010. How to do 4-H Public Presentations, South Dakota State University. SDSU Extension South Dakota State University, South Dakota counties, and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. South Dakota State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for race, color, creed, religion, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability or Vietnam Era Veteran Status. Publication: 01-4012-2014 Contact Karelyn Farrand Page 21